Prepositions after verbs

How to use prepositions with reply

Reply most commonly takes to before the person, message, or question. Other prepositions can introduce the method, language, or topic of the reply.

Quick answer

Which prepositions are used with reply?

Use reply to someone or something as the main pattern. Reply with introduces the content or reaction. In can show language or tone, by can show communication method, and on can introduce a topic.

reply to the email
She replied with a short message
He replied in Spanish

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
reply to + person/message

Answering someone or something

To introduces the person, question, email, or comment receiving the reply.

reply to my question
Please reply to the invitation by Friday
2
reply with + response

Giving a particular response

With introduces the content or type of response.

She replied with a smile
He replied with a detailed explanation
3
reply in + language/style

Showing language or manner

In can describe the language, tone, or format used.

They replied in French
She replied in writing
4
reply by + method/time

Showing method or deadline

By often introduces communication method or a deadline.

Please reply by email
All applicants must reply by Monday

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
reply to
I replied to her message.
standard pattern for answering
reply with
He replied with a joke.
introduces the response itself
reply in
She replied in German.
shows language or format
reply by
Please reply by text.
shows method or deadline
reply on
She replied on the topic of funding.
on introduces a topic, not the person receiving the reply

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Omitting to before the receiver

Reply normally takes to before a person or message.

✕ reply my email ✓ reply to my email

Using with for the receiver

With introduces the response, not the person addressed.

✕ reply with the manager ✓ reply to the manager

Confusing by and with

By shows method or deadline; with shows content.

✕ reply by a short answer ✓ reply with a short answer

Using on as the main pattern

On usually introduces a topic.

✕ reply on her message ✓ reply to her message

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. Please reply ___ my email today.
2. She replied ___ a polite apology.
3. The customer replied ___ Japanese.

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Frequently asked questions

Is reply back correct?

It is common in informal speech, but reply already includes the idea of answering.

Can reply be used without to?

Usually no when naming the receiver. Use reply to someone or something.

What does reply by mean?

It usually introduces a communication method or a deadline, such as reply by email or reply by Friday.

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