Prepositions after verbs

declare in, by, on, to or as?

Declare is often used with as and to in formal English. Other prepositions usually introduce methods, topics, or contexts rather than direct complements.

Quick answer

Which prepositions go with declare?

Use declare as to classify someone or something, and declare to when announcing something to a person or authority. By often introduces method, while in and on usually add context or topic information.

The court declared him as the legal owner.
She declared to the committee that she disagreed.
The result was declared by the chairperson.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
declare as + role or status

Classifying or identifying

Use as when naming a role, category, or status in formal contexts.

The area was declared as protected land.
He was declared as the winner.
2
declare to + person or authority

Announcing something formally

Use to before the audience, authority, or recipient of the declaration.

She declared to the court that the statement was false.
They declared their intentions to investors.
3
declare by + method or agent

Showing who or what makes the declaration

By introduces the agent or method in passive structures.

The emergency was declared by the government.
The winner was declared by public vote.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
declare as
The building was declared as unsafe.
Formal classification or identification.
declare to
He declared his income to the tax office.
Formally report or announce something to someone.
declare by
The result was declared by the committee.
Shows the agent or method behind the declaration.
declare on
The minister declared on the issue during the interview.
On introduces the topic being spoken about, not a fixed complement.
declare in
The policy was declared in a public statement.
In usually introduces the document or context where the declaration appears.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using on as a direct complement

On usually introduces a topic, not a standard complement after declare.

✕ They declared on bankruptcy. ✓ They declared bankruptcy.

Confusing to and as

To introduces the recipient, while as introduces a role or status.

✕ She declared him to the winner. ✓ She declared him as the winner.

Using in for classification

In usually refers to context or location, not identity.

✕ The area was declared in a protected zone. ✓ The area was declared as a protected zone.

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. The land was declared ___ a national park.
2. She declared her earnings ___ the authorities.
3. The decision was declared ___ the board.

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Frequently asked questions

Can declare be used without a preposition?

Yes. Many common uses take a direct object, such as declare war or declare bankruptcy.

Is declare as always necessary?

No. In some styles, especially American English, the object may appear without as, such as declared him the winner.

Does declare on sound natural?

Only when on introduces a topic of discussion. It is not the usual complement after declare.

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