Prepositions after verbs

Give to, give in or give by?

Give to means transfer something to someone. Give in is a phrasal verb meaning surrender or submit. Give by is not a standard verb-preposition pattern.

Quick answer

How are give to, give in, and give by used?

Use give to when transferring something to another person. Use give in to mean stop resisting. Give by is uncommon as a fixed pattern; by usually adds a deadline or method.

give the keys to Anna
give in after hours of debate
Please give your forms by Friday

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
give to + person

Transferring or donating something

Use give to for the receiver of an object, gift, or information.

She gave the book to her friend.
They gave money to charity.
2
give in

Stopping resistance or surrendering

Give in is a phrasal verb meaning accept defeat or pressure.

After a long argument, he finally gave in.
3
give in to + pressure

Accepting pressure or temptation

Use give in to before the thing being resisted.

She refused to give in to fear.
4
give by + time

Adding a deadline

By usually introduces a time limit, not a fixed complement after give.

Please give your answer by Monday.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
give to
I gave the documents to Maria.
Transfer something to another person.
give in
The team refused to give in.
Stop resisting or surrender.
give in to
He gave in to pressure.
Accept or stop resisting something.
give by
Please give your feedback by Friday.
By introduces a deadline, not a fixed verb-preposition pattern.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using give by as a transfer pattern

Use give to for recipients.

✕ She gave the gift by her brother. ✓ She gave the gift to her brother.

Adding an object after give in incorrectly

Give in usually has no direct object.

✕ He gave in the argument. ✓ He gave in after the argument.

Forgetting to after give in

Use give in to before pressure, temptation, or demands.

✕ She gave in the pressure. ✓ She gave in to the pressure.

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. They decided to ___ the extra money to charity.
2. After hours of negotiation, the company finally ___.
3. Please give your report ___ Friday.

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Frequently asked questions

Is give in always negative?

No. It can simply mean accepting another person's request or opinion.

Can I omit to after give?

Yes, when the indirect object comes before the direct object, as in give her the book.

Is give by ever a fixed phrase?

No. By usually adds extra information such as time or method.

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