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Prepositions with pandemic

Pandemic of or pandemic in?

Pandemic of usually names the disease or problem. Pandemic in refers to a place or time where the pandemic happens.

Quick answer

Which preposition is correct with pandemic?

Use pandemic of to identify the disease, condition, or widespread problem: a pandemic of influenza. Use pandemic in for location or context: the pandemic in Europe. The preposition in is not normally selected by pandemic itself; it introduces a place or situation.

The country faced a pandemic of influenza in the 1950s.
Hospitals struggled during the pandemic in northern Italy.
Researchers studied the pandemic of obesity among children.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
pandemic of + disease/problem

Naming what is widespread

Use of to state the disease, condition, or social problem that has spread widely.

Doctors warned about a pandemic of cholera.
The report described a pandemic of misinformation online.
2
pandemic in + place

Showing location

Use in when mentioning the country, region, or setting affected by the pandemic.

Travel restrictions changed during the pandemic in Asia.
Schools closed early because of the pandemic in the city.
3
pandemic during + period

Referring to a time frame

Use during with pandemic to talk about events happening in that period.

Many people worked from home during the pandemic.
Small businesses suffered during the pandemic.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
pandemic of
The pandemic of influenza spread rapidly.
Standard for naming the disease or issue.
pandemic in
The pandemic in Brazil affected hospitals badly.
Standard when in introduces a place or setting.
pandemic across
The pandemic across Europe disrupted travel.
Useful alternative for a broad area.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using in to name the disease

Use of, not in, to identify the disease itself.

✕ a pandemic in influenza ✓ a pandemic of influenza

Confusing location with type

In introduces place, not the illness.

✕ the pandemic of France ✓ the pandemic in France

Leaving out the noun after of

Pandemic of normally needs a disease or problem after it.

✓ a pandemic of malaria

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. The country experienced a pandemic ___ measles.
2. Doctors worked through the pandemic ___ the region.
3. Many offices closed ___ the pandemic.

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Frequently asked questions

Can I say pandemic in a country?

Yes. Pandemic in is natural when you mean the situation within a place, such as a pandemic in Canada.

Is pandemic of always about disease?

No. It can also describe a widespread social problem, such as a pandemic of loneliness.

Do I need a preposition after pandemic?

Not always. You can simply say the pandemic without adding more information.

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