Prepositions after verbs

How to use advocate with prepositions

The verb advocate is most commonly followed by for to support something or against to oppose something. Other prepositions usually belong to separate phrases rather than the verb itself.

Quick answer

Most common patterns with advocate

Use advocate for something to mean support it, and advocate against something to mean oppose it. Constructions such as advocate by, advocate in, and advocate on are usually not standard patterns after the verb.

They advocate for stronger privacy laws.
Several groups advocate against animal testing.
Doctors advocate for regular exercise.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
advocate for + idea/policy

Supporting a cause or proposal

Use advocate for to say that someone publicly supports or recommends something.

She advocate for equal access to education.
The organisation advocate for safer working conditions.
2
advocate against + activity/policy

Opposing something publicly

Use advocate against to express public opposition to an action, policy, or behaviour.

Campaigners advocate against smoking in public places.
Many scientists advocate against the use of harmful chemicals.
3
advocate + object

Using advocate without a preposition

Advocate can take a direct object, especially in formal English.

The report advocate stricter safety rules.
They advocate a complete review of the system.
4
advocate on + topic

Talking on a subject

On is not usually selected by advocate itself. It can introduce the topic of speaking or writing.

She frequently advocate on environmental issues at conferences.
Experts advocate on behalf of rural communities.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
advocate for
Parents advocate for smaller class sizes.
support or recommend something
advocate against
The group advocates against illegal logging.
oppose something publicly
advocate by
They promoted the plan by publishing reports.
By usually describes method, not a standard pattern after advocate
advocate in
She advocates in favour of reform.
In is usually part of another phrase such as in favour of, not a direct complement of advocate
advocate on
He often speaks on public health issues.
On usually introduces a topic rather than forming a fixed pattern with advocate

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using by directly after advocate

By normally describes how something is done, not what is supported.

✕ They advocate by stricter laws. ✓ They advocate for stricter laws.

Using in as the direct complement

Advocate in is generally not idiomatic unless in begins another phrase.

✕ She advocates in better training. ✓ She advocates for better training.

Confusing on with for

Use for to express support. On usually introduces a topic.

✕ The charity advocates on equal pay. ✓ The charity advocates for equal pay.

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. Many teachers ___ smaller classes.
2. The organisation ___ animal cruelty.
3. She spoke ___ climate policy at the event.

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Frequently asked questions

Can advocate be used without a preposition?

Yes. In formal English, advocate can take a direct object, as in advocate reform.

Is advocate by correct?

Not usually as a fixed verb pattern. By normally introduces a method or agent in another part of the sentence.

What is the difference between advocate for and advocate against?

Advocate for means support. Advocate against means oppose.

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