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  • The two adaxial sepals are formed in succession, and the two abaxial petals become visible.
  • A broad investigation was initiated into the floral development of 30 taxa out of 15 tribes, focussing on the initiation of bracteoles and on the sequence of sepal initiation.
  • The perianth is commonly uniseriate, consisting of 3-5 valvate, basally connate sepals, but sometimes an equal number of petals are also present.
  • Mature flowers are scarlet without clear differentiation between bracteoles, sepals or petals.
  • The normal coloration of the calyx occurs most frequently in polysepalous calyces; teratological coloration, on the other hand, occurs especially in gamosepalous flowers. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
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  • Each flower was dissected with the aid of a stereoscope and length of individual parts (sepals, petals, anthers, filaments, styles, and ovaries) was measured to the nearest 0.1 mm using an ocular reticle.
  • Sepals very large, incurved, overlapping each other, having the appearance of being semi-double, and being of good substance. Hardy Perennials and Old Fashioned Flowers Describing the Most Desirable Plants, for Borders, Rockeries, and Shrubberies.
  • The flowers are 2 in. long, bell-shaped; the petals shining lemon-yellow, with a tinge of brown on the outside, whilst the sepals are like a number of fish-scales, overlapping each other down the outside of the campanulate tube. Cactus Culture for Amateurs Being Descriptions of the Various Cactuses Grown in This Country, With Full and Practical Instructions for Their Successful Cultivation
  • In the poppy family, the sepals are caducous.
  • Fruits of this species are glabrous achenes, with sepals modified into plumose bristles and are frequently wind-dispersed.
  • Dehiscent fruits separate along the zone of dehiscence, the utricle cap (with the stigmas) falling free with the seed, the basal portion remaining on the inflorescence with attendant bracts and sepals.
  • The colleter, an epidermal secretory structure, can be found mainly on the adaxial side of stipules and/or sepals among 60 families of the angiosperms.
  • Calyx gamosepalous, dividing unequally when the flower opens. The Medicinal Plants of the Philippines
  • This, in turn was surrounded by several whorls of bracts that many homologize with petals and sepals in flowering plants.
  • The largest group of cells in the outer (abaxial) sepal epidermis of PLoS Biology: New Articles
  • The complete leaf development shows itself more frequently among the monosepalous plants than in the polysepalous ones, as shown even in the subjoined list of species. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • The sequence of correlation with locule number was sepal number, fruit weight and fruIt'shape index.
  • Instead of leaves, a floral meristem gives rise in sequence to sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.
  • Importantly, organs of the two outermost whorls of lily flower are very similar, generating a perianth of tepals, instead of sepals and petals.
  • Roots, stems, leaves, sepals, petals, stamens, stigmas/styles, ovaries, and seeds were collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen.
  • The lamina or expanded portion of a monopetalous corolla or of a petal or sepal. Languagehat.com: THE PERILS OF A FANCY VOCABULARY.
  • Calyx 4 imbricated sepals, orbiculate, slightly pubescent. The Medicinal Plants of the Philippines
  • Fruits of this species are glabrous achenes, with sepals modified into plumose bristles and are frequently wind-dispersed.
  • It is so common to observe on the same plant, flowers indifferently tetramerous, pentamerous, &c., that I need not give examples; but as numerical variations are comparatively rare when the parts are few, I may mention that, according to De Candolle, the flowers of Papaver bracteatum offer either two sepals with four petals (which is the common type with poppies), or three sepals with six petals. VII. Miscellaneous Objections to the Theory of Natural Selection
  • The third sepal is saccate, with a slightly incurvate spur.
  • Pinguicula, "Qy. two-lipped? it is monopetalous, and monosepalous, the calyx and corolla being each all in one piece. Proserpina, Volume 2 Studies Of Wayside Flowers
  • The analysis separates materials primarily based on bract to utricle length ratios and bract length followed by sepal number and utricle dehiscence.
  • The formation of organs in the four whorls of a typical eudicotyledonous flower, consisting of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels, requires many genes for proper organ and tissue development.
  • t is characterised by the heavy spotting on the sepals and petals, and by the beautiful plumate edges of the petals.
  • Small areas of Marquesia acuminata, Guibourtia coleosperma, and Cryptosepalum exfoliatum evergreen dry woodland are scattered throughout the northeast of the ecoregion. Angolan Miombo woodlands
  • Closed flowers were stripped of sepals, petals and anthers just prior to stigma maturity.
  • Four sepals are fused to form a long slender floral tube with an inferior ovary.
  • Closed flowers were stripped of sepals, petals and anthers just prior to stigma maturity.
  • On the whole, taking in consideration cases of partial frondescence, as well as those in which most of the parts of the flower are affected, phyllody would seem to be most common in the petals and carpels, least so in the case of the stamens and sepals. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Fruits of this species are glabrous achenes, with sepals modified into plumose bristles and are frequently wind-dispersed.
  • The sepals (here called the "pappus") (_p_) have the form of fine hairs. Elements of Structural and Systematic Botany For High Schools and Elementary College Courses
  • Under normal circumstances it will be found that laminar venation is most common in gamosepalous and vaginal venation in polysepalous calyces. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Sandersonia aurantiaca is a liliaceous monocotyledon with a bell-shaped corolla formed from fused petals and sepals (tepals).
  • The bifoliate species have mostly smaller flowers, some with waxy petals and sepals and less frilly lips. Article Source
  • Each of the teeth of the calyx is represented by a long stalk, terminated by a single articulated leaflet, the bi-labiate form of the calyx is still recognisable; the two upper petals are united, the three lower separate; the tube of the calyx is not deformed and seems to be formed of the petioles of the sepals united by their stipules. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • A floral meristem gives rise in sequence to sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.
  • On the whole, taking in consideration cases of partial frondescence, as well as those in which most of the parts of the flower are affected, phyllody would seem to be most common in the petals and carpels, least so in the case of the stamens and sepals. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Double flowers occur when the nectaries extend and become flattened, looking like sepals.
  • We incorporate this wave of progressive maturation into the IGM model by allowing the basal layer of cells, which we call the generative layer, to proliferate giving rise to apical daughters or additional generative layer cells throughout sepal development ( PLoS Biology: New Articles
  • Among polysepalous plants petaloid sepals have been observed in Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Sepal initiation began on the basal lateral flower and continued in an acropetal direction until all floral meristems had completed sepal initiation.
  • The flower is apetalous with deciduous sepals.
  • Thus some bolbophyl, for example, have caudal appendages to their sepals, as in Masdevallias, and on the other hand some Masdevallias have their labellums hinged and oscillatory, which is so commonly the case as to be "almost characteristic" in the genus Bolbophyllum or Sarcopodium. Scientific American Supplement, No. 384, May 12, 1883
  • = Cohesion of the sepals = in a normally polypetalous calyx renders the latter gamosepalous, and is not of uncommon occurrence, to a partial extent, though rarely met with complete. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • In flowers with attractive sepals, since these perianth parts are inflexed, bees may spend several seconds on the flower sepals before falling into the flower cavity.
  • The flower is protandrous and presents an unusual sophisticated morphology: the pistil has an umbrella shape with the stigma at the angles, tightly enclosed by the bracts, petaloid sepals and petals.
  • Red Spider, developed in the USA in 1946, has crimson sepals and red corolla and Huntsman has double flowers with red sepals and purple corolla.
  • This, in turn was surrounded by several whorls of bracts that many homologize with petals and sepals in flowering plants.
  • Flower coloration is mostly tan, with some external dark brown longitudinal stripes on the sepals and lateral petals.
  • Pistillate flowers are polymorphic for dehiscence and sepal number.
  • It is a family of predominantly annual and perennial herbs with a semi-succulent habitus, which can be easily distinguished from other balsaminoids by its zygomorphic flowers with a spurred petaloid sepal.
  • In the plant, the eye or germinative point opens to a leaf, then to another leaf, with a power of transforming the leaf into radicle, stamen, pistil, petal, bract, sepal, or seed. Representative Men
  • As a cut flower by many it would be preferred to the better-known _H. niger_, not only for its antique tints, but for the fine cup form, which is constant, and the overlapping, incurved edges of the sepals. Hardy Perennials and Old Fashioned Flowers Describing the Most Desirable Plants, for Borders, Rockeries, and Shrubberies.
  • When this change happens in the calyx we have the gamosepalous condition replaced by the polysepalous one, as thus represented: Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • This species is readily identified by its large flowers, strikingly striped sepals and by the greenish-brownish striped petals which are crispate.
  • However, over the course of the subsequent winter months, bracts and sepals become scarious, drying to a light brown. PhysOrg.com - latest science and technology news stories
  • Under ordinary circumstances, the sepals may be considered as the representatives of the sheath of the leaf (cataphyllary) or of the blade Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Having all principal parts , namely, the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil pistils . Used of a flower.
  • The complex polymerous flowers of water lilies with no clear differentiation between sepals and carpels fit very well into the euanthian school of flower origin theories.
  • It is so common to observe on the same plant, flowers indifferently tetramerous, pentamerous, &c., that I need not give examples; but as numerical variations are comparatively rare when the parts are few, I may mention that, according to De Candolle, the flowers of Papaver bracteatum offer either two sepals with four petals (which is the common type with poppies), or three sepals with six petals. VII. Miscellaneous Objections to the Theory of Natural Selection
  • -- Diagram showing the arrangement of parts in a complete, regular, pentamerous flower: _s_, sepals; _p_, petals; _st_, stamens; _o_, ovaries.] Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • The cocoa flower has five free sepals, five free petals, five staminodes, five stamens and an ovary of five united carpels.
  • Following Augustin Pyranius De Candolle, botanists have applied the term cohesion to the coalescence of parts of the same organ or of members of the same whorl; for instance, to the union of the sepals in a gamosepalous calyx, or of the petals in a gamopetalous corolla. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • The normal coloration of the calyx occurs most frequently in polysepalous calyces; teratological coloration, on the other hand, occurs especially in gamosepalous flowers. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Three sepals, three petals, twice three stamens, three styles, a three-celled ovary, the flower growing out from a whorl of three leaves, make the naming of wake-robins a simple matter to the novice.
  • Each of these fruitlets in turn is ‘protected’ by little white sepals.
  • = Cohesion of the sepals = in a normally polypetalous calyx renders the latter gamosepalous, and is not of uncommon occurrence, to a partial extent, though rarely met with complete. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • The sequence of correlation with locule number was sepal number, fruit weight and fruIt'shape index.
  • Morren [454] describes some flowers of _Orchis morio_ in which there were three sepals, three petals, and within the latter two other ternary series of petals; this would seem to be a case of petalody of all six stamens. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • She could only keep Elphaba's hands tightly clutched within her own, as a sepal sockets the furls of young petal. WICKED: THE LIFE AND TIMES OF THE WICKED WITCH OF THE WEST
  • This statement would be more fully verified were it possible to state the frequency with which the condition occurred in _individual plants_, when it would be found that phyllody of the calyx occurs much more often in individual gamosepalous plants than in polysepalous ones. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • In these plants, some sepals showed homeotic transformations to carpels, becoming fused and presenting ovules and stigmatic papillae.
  • Lechea mucronata might sometimes be confused with L. minor, which also has petiolate leaves and keeled sepals.
  • In some cases the phyllody of the sepals has a special interest, as bearing on the question whether what is termed calyx-tube is or is not a portion of the calyx, and whether the sepals are modifications of the blade or of the sheath of the leaf. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Dialysis of the sepals in calyces that are usually gamosepalous has been most frequently observed in _Rosaceæ_, _Pomaceæ_, _Umbelliferæ_, less commonly in _Leguminosæ_, also in the following genera: -- _Primula_, Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Following Augustin Pyranius De Candolle, botanists have applied the term cohesion to the coalescence of parts of the same organ or of members of the same whorl; for instance, to the union of the sepals in a gamosepalous calyx, or of the petals in a gamopetalous corolla. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • With reference to _Mussaenda_, C. Morren held the view that the petal-like sepal was really a bract adherent to the calyx, and incorporating with itself one of the calycine lobes -- "soudée au calice et ayant dévorée, en englobant dans sa propre masse, un lobe calicinal. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Around these reproductive organs is the perianth, usually consisting of an outer whorl of sepals and an inner whorl of petals.
  • The little purple dots on top of the white sepals in the green circle above are about all that will remain of the Sea Lavender flowers when dried.
  • The cocoa flower has five free sepals, five free petals, five staminodes, five stamens and an ovary of five united carpels.
  • The flower is protandrous and presents an unusual sophisticated morphology: the pistil has an umbrella shape with the stigma at the angles, tightly enclosed by the bracts, petaloid sepals and petals.
  • Sepals and petals are usually similar in form and free, but the lateral sepals may be connate to different degrees, forming a spur.
  • This statement would be more fully verified were it possible to state the frequency with which the condition occurred in _individual plants_, when it would be found that phyllody of the calyx occurs much more often in individual gamosepalous plants than in polysepalous ones. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • The third sepal is saccate, with a slightly incurvate spur.
  • In the scilla there is no corona, neither a tube, but the petal-like sepals or divisions of the perianth are entire, going to the base of the flower. Hardy Perennials and Old Fashioned Flowers Describing the Most Desirable Plants, for Borders, Rockeries, and Shrubberies.
  • BUCHALTER, L. and COLE, J.R. (1967) Isolation of a potential antitumour fraction from Rumex hymenosepalus. Chapter 5
  • Sauer consequently provided the name Amaranthus rudis for plants with a circumscissily dehiscent utricle and single, well developed sepal.
  • Their flower clusters differ from lacecaps in that some varieties produce sterile flowers with petallike sepals, while others bear smaller fertile flowers with starry petals.
  • Flowers of Nigella have a conspicuous perianth, differentiated into an outer whorl of five white, petaloid sepals and an inner whorl of eight, stalked nectaries.
  • Sepals and petals in the outer whorls are not sexual organs, but may serve to attract pollinators.
  • The trapped bees try to escape from the flowers by climbing the sepals, but escape is made even more difficult by the slippery waxy sepal surface.
  • A full description makes you take things more slowly: count stamens, measure sepals, check smoothness or hairiness and so on.
  • ( "Bluthendiagramme, II., page 482) the longer stamens may be either epipetalous or episepalous in this family. More Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 2
  • The sepals are obtuse to rounded, but never retuse as in some plants of L. racemulosa.
  • Adesmy, moreover, was by the Belgian savant said to be homologous when it occurred between members of the same whorl, _e. g._ between the sepals of an ordinary monosepalous calyx, or heterologous when the separation took place between members of different whorls, as when the calyx is detached from the ovary, &c. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • The complete leaf development shows itself more frequently among the monosepalous plants than in the polysepalous ones, as shown even in the subjoined list of species. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • First, in leaves it has been shown that division ceases in a basipetal wave from the top downward similar to what we see in the sepal PLoS Biology: New Articles
  • Under normal circumstances it will be found that laminar venation is most common in gamosepalous and vaginal venation in polysepalous calyces. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Now, when phyllomorphy occurs in sepals which ordinarily are vaginal, it is obvious that the case is one, not merely of increased relative growth, but also of the appearance or development of an organ habitually suppressed; on the other hand, when phyllomorphy occurs in sepals which usually are laminar in form and nervation, the case is one of unusual growth or hypertrophy, and not of the development of an organ habitually suppressed, so that the amount of change is greater in the former than in the latter instance. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • = -- A lessened number of sepals is not a very common occurrence among dicotyledonous plants. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Conversely, pATML1:: KRP1 sepals have fewer cells in the abaxial epidermis because the additional cells entering the giant cell pathway have no progeny. PLoS Biology: New Articles
  • It is more common among polysepalous and polypetalous plants than in those in which the sepals or petals are united together. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • The bract immediately subtends the sepal, partly enclosing it.
  • For these reasons the cruciata character may be considered as a case of sepalody of the petals, or of the petals being partly converted into sepals. Species and Varieties, Their Origin by Mutation
  • Fruits of this species are glabrous achenes, with sepals modified into plumose bristles and are frequently wind-dispersed.
  • Kirschleger, however, has recorded the existence of a cirrhose sepal in Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • This statement would be more fully verified were it possible to state the frequency with which the condition occurred in _individual plants_, when it would be found that phyllody of the calyx occurs much more often in individual gamosepalous plants than in polysepalous ones. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • The quinate were placed at the end of the branches, those with four petals and sepals lower down. Species and Varieties, Their Origin by Mutation
  • (D, E) Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA contents of nuclei in the mature wild type sepal epidermis (D, both front and back) and internal cell layers (E) used to derive the probability parameters for the model. PLoS Biology: New Articles
  • The flowers display valvate, distinct, or connate sepals and petals.
  • Activity was also detected in the stigma, receptacle, and petal and sepal veins, and in siliques and developing seeds.
  • When this change happens in the calyx we have the gamosepalous condition replaced by the polysepalous one, as thus represented: Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Its chief difference from Polygaleae, is habit, foliation, and the perigynous insertion of corolla and stamina, and consequent union of the sepals. Journals of Travels in Assam, Burma, Bhootan, Afghanistan and the Neighbouring Countries
  • Many of the recorded instances of so-called metamorphosis of the parts of the flower to sepals have occurred in monocotyledonous plants, or others in which the calyx and corolla are of the same colour, and constitute what is frequently termed the perianth; and as this is usually brightly coloured (not green) it is more convenient to group the metamorphoses in question under the general term Petalody, which thus includes all those cases in which the organs of the flower appear in the form of coloured petal-like organs, whether they be true petals or segments of a coloured perianth. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Beetles did not move to unopened flowers as long as petals were covered by sepals.
  • It is curious to observe in these flowers how precisely one sepal occupies the position of the labellum, and how the lateral petals are displaced from the position they usually occupy, so as to form a regular flower, the segments of which decussate, thus giving rise to a species of regular peloria. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Following Augustin Pyranius De Candolle, botanists have applied the term cohesion to the coalescence of parts of the same organ or of members of the same whorl; for instance, to the union of the sepals in a gamosepalous calyx, or of the petals in a gamopetalous corolla. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • a carinate sepal
  • Basal lineages (Cabomba, Brasenia, Nuphar, and Barclaya) are trimerous with differentiated sepals and petals.
  • It is a family of predominantly annual and perennial herbs with a semi-succulent habitus, which can be easily distinguished from other balsaminoids by its zygomorphic flowers with a spurred petaloid sepal.
  • The flower of the St. Valèry apple, already alluded to under the head of sepalody, might equally well be placed here. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • Delphinium viridescens most closely resembles Delphinium multiplex, but may be distinguished using the following characters: Delphinium viridescens is typically 3-5 feet tall; sepals are iridescent purplish-yellow or greenish-yellow; and in some instances, the degree of basal and cauline leaf dissection has been observed to be greater in Delphinium viridescens, although immature specimens of Delphinium viridescens and Delphinium multiplex cannot readily be distinguished on this character. Conservapedia - Recent changes [en]
  • In the common rue and some other plants, one flower, usually the central or terminal one, opens first, and has five sepals and petals, and five divisions to the ovarium; whilst all the other flowers on the plant are tetramerous. VII. Miscellaneous Objections to the Theory of Natural Selection
  • Floral organ identity genes control the identity of the organs in the four floral whorls - the sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels - and act downstream of the meristem identity loci.
  • The two adaxial sepals are formed in succession, and the two abaxial petals become visible.
  • As the two sterile stamens are anteposed to the two sepals, so are the two fertile stamens to the two petals, and the latter are adnate to the style a little higher than the former. Vegetable Teratology An Account of the Principal Deviations from the Usual Construction of Plants
  • The protuberances remain small during initiation of the first sepals, and they disappear completely in the course of floral development.
  • We're in a Buddhist gompa in the hinterland of the Sunshine Coast in Queensland and the Venerable Tenzin Tsepal is leading a meditation.
  • The hypanthium is usually glabrous, with narrowly triangular sepals that are pubescent adaxially and are deciduous in fruit.
  • We use live imaging to determine the timing and position of each cell division in the outer (abaxial) sepal epidermis and track the lineages of these cells throughout early sepal development. PLoS Biology: New Articles

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