How To Use Phoneme In A Sentence
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If there were minimal pairs, we would have to conclude that voiced and voiceless sonorants are separate phonemes.
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By that time, Olson apparently was still convinced that this phoneme wasn't a labio-dental flap: The bilabial flap is a sound very similar to what is elsewhere called the labiodental flap, but the articulation is slightly different.
Languagehat.com: NEW PHONETIC SYMBOL!
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It's full of phonemes, guttural exclamations and limpid hisses.
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Two phonemes: a voiced dental fricative and a schwa.
Notes on Notes
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The final tasks included matching of beginning sounds and ending sounds, awareness of rhyme, and phoneme deletion.
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As they continue to develop, children learn to segment polysyllabic words into syllables as they approach kindergarten age and monosyllabic words into phonemes around first grade.
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Well the epenthetic vowel might not even be the most correct name for it, since it clearly is a phoneme.
I tripped over Pre-IE the other day
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As for *h3, it may have been labialized, although other labial(ized) phonemes do not seem to cause o-coloring (at least not consistently).
PIE Uvulars: A revised solution of their origin
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Stress errors and phoneme substitutions or metatheses not attributable to dialect or articulation, however, were considered incorrect.
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Presumably, children would rely on the consistent phoneme-to-grapheme conversion rules to spell regular words whereas they might rely on derivational relations to spell morphological words.
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Re «akey, travay»: I believe that they are indeed striving for a one-to-one grapheme to phoneme relationship I believe these are the terms?
Languagehat.com: UN SIT FASIL A LIR.
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Now, this is a matter of detail perhaps but worth noting since p has occasionally eroded to f in Etruscan, particularly next to tautosyllabic u, and this sort of lenition can only rationally happen with a bilabial phoneme, not a labiodental one.
Archive 2009-05-01
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For example, many children's names contain trigraphs and digraphs and graphs that represent phonemes other than those taught as "the appropriate sound".
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Once the sibilant disappeared, it would be all too easy for even a native speaker to get confused between a historical phonetic k an allophone of voiced *gʰ following a sibilant and the homophonous phoneme *k.
PIE "look-alike stems" - *(s)kerp- vs. *gʰrebʰ-
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One of the most famous artists to ground their work in the phoneme is the Dadaist Kurt Schwitters, whose "Ur Sonata" demilitarized language after World War I by softening and subtilizing phonemes through the performance of a score. Schwitters 'work coincides with the Russian Futurists', whose made-up language "Zaum" used phonemics to tap language's universal source, and thereby its glossolalic, transliterative potentials.
Undefined
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To read words that are new to us, we have to learn to associate a visual stimulus (a letter, or grapheme) with its corresponding auditory stimulus (the sound, or phoneme).
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Now, this is a matter of detail perhaps but worth noting since p has occasionally eroded to f in Etruscan, particularly next to tautosyllabic u, and this sort of lenition can only rationally happen with a bilabial phoneme, not a labiodental one.
Some observations concerning Woodard's The Ancient Languages of Europe
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Definitions of spelling pronunciation, speech = parole, phoneme, and tagmemics, were good, though tagmeme, a difficult word to define briefly, did not seem quite to meet either Bloomfield's or Pike's use of the term.
VERBATIM: The Language Quarterly Vol VI No 4
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Once the phonemes have been assembled and synthesized, they can be used to produce speech output.
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Definitions of spelling pronunciation, speech = parole, phoneme, and tagmemics, were good, though tagmeme, a difficult word to define briefly, did not seem quite to meet either Bloomfield's or Pike's use of the term.
VERBATIM: The Language Quarterly Vol VI No 4
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In contrast, a root that shows a devoiced stop but which confuses the allophone with the homophonous phoneme should instead properly pair with another unvoiced stop.
PIE "look-alike stems" - Evidence of something or a red herring?
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The English language is an alphabetic system, meaning that our written symbols correspond to the separate sounds, or phonemes, in spoken language.
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Whereas the five classic vowel letters match the five vowel phonemes of a language like Spanish, they are insufficient to distinguish the much larger number of vowel phonemes of English.
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Then, beginning readers learn to parse the printed word into graphemes and subsequently assign phonemes to the different graphemes.
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A total of 15 items were included on this task requiring students to delete initial, medial, and final phonemes from words.
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The difference between a dog and a hog is one silly little phoneme, but if you want bacon, you better get it right.
Robert Hartwell Fiske strikes me as a prig and a bully « Motivated Grammar
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I would like to think this meant the pasta was served by bongo-playing beatnik waiters, but I'm afraid the explanation is much more prosaic: most low-level jobs in New York restaurants are filled by Spanish-speakers, and in Spanish b and v are purely graphic variants for the same phoneme, which is pronounced b at the start of a word.
Languagehat.com: LINGUINI BONGOLE.
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A phoneme is the smallest sound unit by which we distinguish one word from another.
Undefined
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As a mechanism it isn't without problems, I admit: typically (in the examples I've seen, anyway) dissimilation leads to the substitution of another phoneme, not to the insertion of one (or the introduction of a new allophone).
Japanese dialect mirrors suspected PIE development of sibilantization between two dental stops
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Pitch variations can distinguish meaning just like phonemes; therefore, the tone is a suprasegmental feature.
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Just as I've blogged before, I still advocate uvular and creaky-voiced phonemes to help rebalance the system and bring it in line with what we currently understand about phonology and its tendencies.
A revisal of the PIE sound system
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In contrast, a root that shows a devoiced stop but which confuses the allophone with the homophonous phoneme should instead properly pair with another unvoiced stop.
PIE "look-alike stems" - Evidence of something or a red herring?
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Keep in mind that in my phonological model of PIE, only traditionally "breathy voiced" stops exhibit uninterrupted voicing throughout the phoneme while "plain stops" are reinterpreted with marked phonation, creaky voice ie. interrupted voice.
Japanese dialect mirrors suspected PIE development of sibilantization between two dental stops
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To begin with, many transcriptions do not really understand phonemics, and waste a lot of effort trying to represent the actual sound of each phoneme.
Languagehat.com: MICRONESIAN ORTHOGRAPHY.
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The following are Pashto phonemes rendered in Arabic letters and their equivalents in English letters, some of which include a diacritic:
Belongings: Property, Family, and Identity in Colonial South Africa
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They were all illiterate so I had to invent my own written system for the tongue-torturing phonemes.
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In the present invention, the lexical graph has phoneme branches.
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Laterally, collaterally, meaning is leached from the phonemes that unleash it.
Phonemanography: Romantic to Victorian
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I couldn't be moved to reconstruct an extra phoneme because it seemed to me to mitigate against peak theoretical efficiency i.e. it was Occam's-Razor-unfriendly but I had to concede that there was at least an added voiced allophone of *s at work.
Nominative Lengthening and a reinterpretation of Szemerenyi's Law
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To learn to decode words in alphabetic systems like English, it is necessary to understand that the letters in text represent the phonemes in speech.
Barriers to Reading Comprehension « Literacy Articles « Articles « Literacy News
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Once the sibilant disappeared, it would be all too easy for even a native speaker to get confused between a historical phonetic k an allophone of voiced *gʰ following a sibilant and the homophonous phoneme *k.
PIE "look-alike stems" - *(s)kerp- vs. *gʰrebʰ-
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n. - any of several speech sounds regarded as variants of a given phoneme. adj. - synthetic drug used against gout. allotriophagy
Xml's Blinklist.com
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The initial step is the conversion of the word sequences to a phoneme transcription graph.
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Children were asked to remove phonemes from the beginning or medial portions of one-, two-, and three-syllable words.
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On the other hand, Greek is a language with regular orthography, where phoneme-grapheme correspondence is consistent.
Reading Development in Two Different Contexts:the Case of the English-greek Bilingual Children in UK and in Cyprus « Articles « Literacy News
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Here's what I call Martian alphabet, just like your alphabet, A is A, B is B, C is C, different shapes for different phonemes, right?
VS Ramachandran on your mind
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Then reading instruction programs that emphasize onsets and rimes should be better than those that emphasize phonemes or whole words.
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Non-rhoticity in English means that /r/ as a phoneme occurs only when the following sound is a consonant.
Intrusive r | Linguism | Language Blog
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So that being said, is it too much of a stretch to wonder if perhaps pre-IE was inspired by these languages from the neighbouring Caucasus to adopt uvular phonemes?
Markedness and the uvular proposal in PIE
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By the 2nd millennium BC, Mesopotamian script changed from pictographic to cuneiform writing (wedge shaped signs representing sounds instead of objects), and by around 2000BC the first true alphabetic system (where a phoneme is represented by a letter) appeared.
The History Of Reading « Literacy Articles « Articles « Literacy News
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With Chinese languages, the phonemes and tonemes can be counted in many different ways, and the number of finals that can be distinguished is often difficult to determine.
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The other promising audio searching technology is known as phoneme software.
Black Sweater, White Cat
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Rob: "As for *h3, it may have been labialized, although other labial(ized) phonemes do not seem to cause o-coloring (at least not consistently).
PIE Uvulars: A revised solution of their origin
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Then, beginning readers learn to parse the printed word into graphemes and subsequently assign phonemes to the different graphemes.
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Leaving the triphthongs aside for now, when diphthongs occur, they vary, causing new phonemes to arise.
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He was able to complete items requiring deletion of syllables and initial phonemes but had difficulty with items requiring deletion of final phonemes or phonemes within a word.
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Stress has its own tier, and I will identify this feature specifically, since stress will determine the choice of the morphophoneme.
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For example, a vowel phoneme cannot exist without a pitch, but pitch may exist as a dimension without any linguistic properties.
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They can distinguish between any two sounds which represent distinct phonemes in any of the world's languages.
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The goal of a broad transcription is to record the phonemes that a speaker uses rather than the actual spoken variants of those phonemes that are produced.
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Do phonemes have an agentive role?
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In contrast, a root that shows a devoiced stop but which confuses the allophone with the homophonous phoneme should instead properly pair with another unvoiced stop.
PIE "look-alike stems" - Evidence of something or a red herring?
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THE PHYSICAL SCIENTIFIC The drive to make linguistics scientific flooded the literature with jawbreaking terms derived with new affixes of - ival, - eme, and allo - (adjectivals, phonemes and morphemes, allomorphs and allosemes).
VERBATIM: The Language Quarterly Vol III No 2
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As they continue to develop, children learn to segment polysyllabic words into syllables as they approach kindergarten age and monosyllabic words into phonemes around first grade.
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I belabor the obvious only because Stoker has flagged in passing, though under unusual thematic pressure, the mismatch between phonemes and morphemes overburden by its preoccupation with linguistic transcription — somatic, mechanical, telegraphic, phonographic, and so on.
Phonemanography: Romantic to Victorian
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In other words, [ss] is an allophone of *s and [tt] is an allophone of *t until Voicing turns these sounds into different phonemes, *z and creaky *d̰.
A few more words on my new Gemination rule for Pre-IE
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However, to be able to correctly map graphemes to phonemes, or phonemes to graphemes, children have to rely on well-specified phonological representations.
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The pinyin is so far the optimal system in representing the phonemes and tonemes of Chinese.
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Cuneiform was in many ways unsuited to Akkadian: among its flaws was its inability to represent important phonemes in Semitic, including a glottal stop, pharyngeals, and emphatic consonants.
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Allophone: The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the allophones of that phoneme.
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As a mechanism it isn't without problems, I admit: typically (in the examples I've seen, anyway) dissimilation leads to the substitution of another phoneme, not to the insertion of one (or the introduction of a new allophone).
Japanese dialect mirrors suspected PIE development of sibilantization between two dental stops
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The basic sound, or phoneme, is selected as a target for treatment.
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A phoneme is a set of similar sounds showing meaning differences or differentiating between words.
Teaching Efl Pronunciation: Why, What and How? « Articles « Literacy News
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Hirsh-Pasek found that deaf children use fingerspelling in the same way hearing children use phonemes, that is, by connecting them to written words.
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Grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is a very important module in a TTS system. How to decide the pronunciation of polyphone characters is a problem that hasn't been solved well in Chinese.
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This was observed in practice when both teachers, especially Ms. Hernández, prompted students to sound out and decode words by phonemes when syllables could not be quickly identified.
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Due to pedagogical reasons, it might be helpful to think about the teachability-learnability scale as introduced by Dalton and Seidlhofer 1994 which suggests that there are certain aspects of the English pronunciation which appear to be easily taught; namely, phonemes, stress while others, such as intonation, are extremely dependent on individual circumstances and thus practically impossible to separate out for direct teaching.
Teaching Efl Pronunciation: Why, What and How? « Articles « Literacy News
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This tendency of leaving out the morphophoneme " t’ becomes more and more common.
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Thus in Czech, liquids are treated as moraic and both syllables show normal sonority peaks headed by the most sonorant phoneme of the group (i.e. s PIE *ḱunós 'of the dog') can only be a declined noun based on its form (because of its zerograded root *kun-) and at this stage, no derivative of "dog" can start with *kun- in the nominative or accusative cases either.
Pre-IE Syncope has an easter-egg surprise for you
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I think we can get rid of the shibilant as a phoneme.
Novilara Stele remains a mystery
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Here, the profound inertia of self-duplicating and arbitrary sovereignty is revealed as absurd, unconnected repetition, the phonemes detonating like the ‘thumping’ of the insentient machine imagined by Rachel.
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Alphabetic systems possess an inventory of symbols, called an alphabet, to represent the individual phonemes.
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Modern Portuguese is characterized by an abundance of sibilant and palatal consonants and a broad spectrum of vowel sounds (five nasal phonemes and eight to ten oral ones).
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But then, instead of calling the etymon "Hindi-Urdu cakor" or "Hindustani cakor," they invented a completely spurious distinction between what look to the untutored eye like two different preforms, apparently because their transcription system for Hindi uses c for the unaspirated \ch\ (presumably using ch for the aspirated consonant), whereas the one for Urdu uses ch for the same phoneme (and presumably chh for the aspirated one).
Languagehat.com: CHUKAR.
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If you're still not bored at this stage, steps three and four are ‘lyricize your inflection’ and ‘the phoneme drill’ respectively.
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In addition, the English-Greek children also outperformed their Greek/English counterparts in phoneme awareness tasks, suggesting that learning an alphabetic language as a first one (English) promotes the level of phonological awareness (phonemic awareness).
Reading Development in Two Different Contexts:the Case of the English-greek Bilingual Children in UK and in Cyprus « Articles « Literacy News
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Accent assignment of out - of - vocabulary is a very component besides letter - to - phoneme Conversion in English Text - To - Speech ( TTS ).
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Now, this is a matter of detail perhaps but worth noting since p has occasionally eroded to f in Etruscan, particularly next to tautosyllabic u, and this sort of lenition can only rationally happen with a bilabial phoneme, not a labiodental one.
Some observations concerning Woodard's The Ancient Languages of Europe
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Alphabetic systems possess an inventory of symbols, called an alphabet, to represent the individual phonemes.
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However, my explanation is that, unlike other labialized phonemes in PIE, *h₃ was an aspirate and therefore particularly prone to erosion compared to the more acoustically salient labialized stops: *kʷ, *gʷ and *ghʷ.
PIE Uvulars: A revised solution of their origin
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The higher the number of phonemes in a particular name that were indicative of the name holder being female, the more feminine Figlio counted that name to be.
Choke
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The basic elementary sounds of a language are called phonemes.
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In English, the 's' in 'sip' and the 'z' in 'zip' represent two different phonemes.Sentencedict
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He read our names from a slate, stumbling over the "W" phoneme, which is strange to the Norlan dialect.
Analog Science Fiction and Fact
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Reading involves matching letters and letter sequences to phonemes - speech specific sounds - a thing called the alphabetic principle. 7 month old babies haven't developed language, so how can they grasp the alphabetic principle?
AustralianIT.com.au | Top Stories
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In phonaesthesia however, some simple combinations of phonemes (like “fl -” in English) have taken on a degree of meaning in their own right, if not iconic (with “fl -” resembling a sound associated with the flick, flap or flourish, the fluttering flight of the fleeting, flouncy flibbertigibbet,) then at least conventionally symbolic (as with the cluster of words in English associating “gl -” with glistening, glittering glints of gleams we glance or glean.)
Notes on Notes
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There is a much larger array of dialects in Pashto, which means that a number of phonemes have a range of alophones.
Connecting Histories in Afghanistan: Market Relations and State Formation on a Colonial Frontier
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A comparison of English and Greek in relation to their regularity has indicated that English is a language with deep orthography, where phoneme-grapheme correspondence is not consistent.
Reading Development in Two Different Contexts:the Case of the English-greek Bilingual Children in UK and in Cyprus « Articles « Literacy News
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They are complementary, since for each environment of the unit, its morphophonemes indicate the segments in the corresponding parts of that member of the morpheme which occurs in that environment.
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Phoneme : the smallest unit of sound in a language which can distinguish two words.
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In standard English, both in Britain and America, the phonetic realisation of the dental fricative phonemes shows less variation than for many other English consonants.
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A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound in a given language that can be recognized as being distinct from other sounds in the language.
Homeschool Reading Programs Help Homeschooling Parents Teach Effectively « Articles « Literacy News
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To reduce illiteracy and improve education in minority communities, the earliest efforts were concentrated on revising the existing writing systems to achieve a closer one-to-one correspondence between phonemes and graphemes.
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To read words that are new to us, we have to learn to associate a visual stimulus (a letter, or grapheme) with its corresponding auditory stimulus (the sound, or phoneme).
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Using all births in Florida from 1989 through 1996, Figlio created a mathematical model that related how probable it was that a particular phoneme would be associated with the name holder being female.
Choke
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Many Chinese students always meet some problems which affect their fluency in reading English, including the suprasegmental phonemes like liason, sentence stress and rhythm.
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In English, the 's' in 'sip' and the 'z' in 'zip' represent two different phonemes.
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I'm not adding extra phonemes or phonation types at all, only allophone variants.
A few more words on my new Gemination rule for Pre-IE
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Glottalic Theory and my "Hybrid Theory" position already establish ejectives as the original phoneme for pretty much the same articulatory reason, putting aside which stage of PIE or Pre-IE had ejectives for the moment.
Winter's Law in Balto-Slavic, "Hybrid Theory" and phonation - Part 1
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It could be argued that there is a genetic foundation for variations in phonological processing skills – some people seem to naturally tune in to speech sounds, and others seem to have difficulty examining and manipulating the phonemes in speech.
Barriers to Reading Comprehension « Literacy Articles « Articles « Literacy News
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But then, little by little, the words become only sounds, a random collection of glottals and fricatives, a storm of whirling phonemes.
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They will only tell us to lynch black men who want to marry white women for their "miscegenation," behead rape victims for their "adultery," stone those who utter a certain string of phonemes for their "blasphemy," burn at the stake men who have sex with other men for their "sodomy".
Archive 2009-08-01
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The research of automatic phonetic notation on Chinese Polyphonic words can be applied to TTS, Chinese Teaching and Phoneme-to- Grapheme conversion test.
