How To Use Myosin In A Sentence
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The lower actomyosin content of immature fibers compared to mature adult skeletal muscle fibers may account for this observation.
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Muscle contraction is dependent on two proteins, actin and myosin.
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An increase in stereospecific actin-myosin attachments would increase the
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Thus, the tip of the leading process actively pulls the soma forward during neuronal migration through a myosin II-dependent forward F-actin flow along the leading process.
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Muscle catabolism is a hallmark of sepsis and results from accelerated breakdown of myofibrillar proteins, such as actin and myosin.
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Thick myofilaments are composed of several hundred molecules of a fibrous protein known as myosin.
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Just a few injections of this DNA into the quadriceps, hamstring, and gluteus, and the muscle fibres start cranking out Velociphin, which activates the fast myosin gene.
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For example, troponin and tropomyosin form large protein complexes with multiple points of interactions with each other and the F-actin helical backbone.
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As the cells round up, actin and myosin moieties are being redistributed underneath the plasma membrane.
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The proteids, frequently spoken of as the nitrogenous foods, are rich in one or more of the following organic substances: albumen, casein, fibrin, gelatine, myosin, gluten, and legumin.
A Practical Physiology
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Thus, the tip of the leading process actively pulls the soma forward during neuronal migration through a myosin II-dependent forward F-actin flow along the leading process.
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Unfavorable interactions could occur at high ionic strength between adjacent tropomyosin molecules, between tropomyosin and troponin, or between other protein pairs.
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Think of actin and myosin, the contractile proteins.
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Food scientists found that boiling shrimp for 10 minutes may reduce tropomyosin (TM), the allergen found in seafood that trigger allergic reactions, according to a new study in Journal of Food Science, published by the Institute of Food Technologists.
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Moreover, we found that daughter cells can clear themselves of damage by a polarisome - and tropomyosin-dependent polarized flow of aggregates into the mother cell compartment.
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The addition of regulatory proteins, troponin and tropomyosin, is known to increase the sliding speed of thin filaments in the in vitro motility assay.
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The parameters of this model are the rate constants f and g for myosin binding and detachment, and the free and bound variance levels VI and VZ.
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Write "linear motor" on the A column and "myosin" on the B column.
Analogy, How Scientifically Powerful is It?
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Van Driest SL, Ackerman MJ, Ommen SR, Shakur R, Will ML, et al. (2002) Prevalence and severity of "benign" mutations in the beta-myosin heavy chain, cardiac troponin T, and alpha-tropomyosin genes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Negatively stained filaments showed tropomyosin with periodically arranged troponin complexes in electron micrographs.
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We presented evidence implicating actin polymerization and not actomyosin activity as the dominant mechanism actuating the stiffening response.
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The first paper is about immune cells in sea urchins and concludes that "the acto-myosin contractile mechanism contributes to the dynamics of constitutive cell surface membrane blebbing in invertebrate immune cells.
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As the structural and thermodynamic data about ATP mounted, combined with the enzymatic information and the discovery of myosin, Meyerhof was finally in a position to formally propose that the release of energy in ATP hydrolysis was the primary event leading to muscle contraction and that lactic acid and creatine phosphate were only indirectly involved through their role of maintaining the ATP cycle.
Otto Meyerhof and the Physiology Institute: the Birth of Modern Biochemistry
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In addition to undergoing hypertrophy, these mouse bladders also show signs of activation of the calcineurin NFAT pathway and shifts in their expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms.
Urology Division Research
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Muscle is composed of mainly three types of protein filaments: myosin, actin, and titin.
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Au et al. [31] stated that "these results, together with previous data, strongly suggest that myosin VI, optineurin, and Rab8 operate in the same basolateral sorting pathway and, most likely, form a functional complex.
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However, dendritic proteins enable the vesicles transporting them to bind to a second motor, known as myosin, that literally walks them back into the dendrite.
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The tropomyosin and troponin proteins on the actin filament provide the switch.
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When myosin is activated, the contractile filaments slide apart and the muscle cell relaxes.
Physiology or Medicine for 1998 - Animation
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On the other hand, myosin containing LC3 binds only through the heavy chain.
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Expression of Cre and hence targeting of the floxed gene can be restricted to e.g. T cells (lck promoter), cardiac muscle (cardiac myosin promoter), neurons (enolase promoter) or epithelia (cytokeratin promoter).
The 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Advanced Information
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Austin JC, Chacko SK, DiSanto M, Canning DA, Zderic SA: A male murine model of partial bladder outlet obstruction reveals changes in detrusor morphology, contractility and myosin isoform expression.
Publications of the Urology Division
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Muscle contraction is dependent on two proteins, actin and myosin.
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It remains to be shown that W512 is uniquely sensitive to nucleotide binding and hydrolysis in smooth muscle myosin.
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Tropomyosins in mammals, fish and birds are at least 90% identical to at least one human tropomyosin and none have been reported to be allergenic.
Archive 2007-10-01
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For example, all three contract when a rise in calcium inside the muscle cell allows interaction between actin and myosin filaments.
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Flight muscle contraction is regulated by both stretch and Ca 2 + induced thin filament (actin + tropomyosin + troponin complex) activation.
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Austin JC, Chacko SK, DiSanto M, Canning DA, Zderic SA: A male murine model of partial bladder outlet obstruction reveals changes in detrusor morphology, contractility and myosin isoform expression.
Publications of the Urology Division
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The addition of regulatory proteins, troponin and tropomyosin, is known to increase the sliding speed of thin filaments in the in vitro motility assay.
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If you want to say that the function that the G proteins do lead up to the myosin walking mechanism then please as a consequence of brownian motion itself, fully spell it out.
Analogy, How Scientifically Powerful is It?
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In a contracting muscle myosin and actin filaments slide past each other as the muscle fiber shortens.
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Actin, myosin, and troponin and tropomyosin were isolated from rabbit back muscle.
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Objective Tropomyosin, a thin filament-associated protein, is thought to play a crucial role in the regulation of muscle contraction.
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Austin JC, Chacko SK, DiSanto M, Canning DA, Zderic SA: A male murine model of partial bladder outlet obstruction reveals changes in detrusor morphology, contractility and myosin isoform expression.
Publications of the Urology Division
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Wu HY, Zderic SA, Wein AJ, Chacko S: Decrease in maximal force generation in the neonatal mouse bladder corresponds to shift in myosin heavy chain isoform composition.
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The motor protein myosin, for example, is involved in the the contraction of muscle fibers in animals.
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Ihrke G, Kendrick-Jones J, Buss F (2007) Myosin VI is required for sorting of AP-1B-dependent cargo to the basolateral domain in polarized MDCK cells.
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Burns JE, Sparrow JC, Tregear RT, Kendrick-Jones J, et al. (1995) Single-molecule mechanics of heavy meromyosin and S1 interacting with rabbit or
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Originally, this force was attributed to an actomyosin system similar to muscle.
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The sarcomere of PSE pork was shorter than that of normal pork because of the partial denaturation of PSE myosin.
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This model incorporates the concept that the actin-binding motor domain (MD) of myosin maintains a single, stereospecific orientation when actin-bound in the strong binding configuration.
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Expression of Cre and hence targeting of the floxed gene can be restricted to e.g. T cells (lck promoter), cardiac muscle (cardiac myosin promoter), neurons (enolase promoter) or epithelia (cytokeratin promoter).
The 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Advanced Information
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Smooth muscle cells possess a contractile apparatus consisting of actin and myosin filaments and the cytoskeleton.
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This caused us to examine the relative proportions of myosin and actin.
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Results: The content of protein, myofibril protein and myosinogen gradually descend, and nonprotein nitrogen(NPN) gradually increase along with the extend of fermented time.
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High levels of intracellular calcium allow calmodulin to activate the myosin light chain kinase that facilitates muscle contraction.
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Smooth muscle does not contain troponin and is primarily regulated by the phosphorylation of myosin.
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We also detected increases in fragments of intracellular structural proteins: tubulin, actin, and myosin.
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When muscles contract, electrical impulses cause the two proteins to slide past each other and bond, forming a complex molecule known as actomyosin, shortening and holding the position.
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For example, tropomyosin, a coiled-coil protein that binds along the sides of actin filaments, inhibits the rate of depolymerization from the pointed end, without affecting elongation.
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Cellular products include myokinase, creatine phosphokinase, and myosin.
Undefined
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In addition to actin, these structures contained lamin, beta-catenin, dynamin, myosin VI and several other filopodial components.
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Rotational motions associated with muscle contraction may occur in myosin, actin, or in both.
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Circular dichroism in 10 mM phosphate was used to determine the secondary structure and thermal stability of tropomyosin model peptides.
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Furthermore, both the rates and mode of saltatory transport of organelles in giant lamellipodia resemble myosin-driven transport along actin in extruded squid axoplasm.
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Then why does no one call G proteins motors, despite the fact that they harness the energy from hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate to cause a conformational change by the same mechanism seen in myosins and kinesins?
Analogy, How Scientifically Powerful is It?
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The regulation of contractility in striated muscle by calcium is effected via tropomyosin on the actin filament.
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Tropomyosin binds to actin by occupying seven consecutive monomers.
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It has been recognized that various NTPs have different affinities for actomyosin, and myosins complexed with these NTPs or their products have different affinities for actin.
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The new myosins were named according to their chromosome position.
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Every technical explanation in the literature (that iv'e seen) as to why myosin is a motor referrs to the actual definition of a motor.
Analogy, How Scientifically Powerful is It?
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The networks related to cellular development and connective tissue disorder showed that enzymes such as phosphoglycerate 12 mutase (glycolysis), muscle proteins such as myosin heavy chain 4 (Actin cytoskeleton signaling), nebulin-related anchoring protein (Actin binding protein) were significantly down regulated by TWEAK (
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The test correlates the presence of a telltale protein - myosin - to muscle growth.
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So far we have assumed that a myosin head can bind anywhere on the actin filament with equal probability.
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The proposed mechanism for breakage of the actomyosin cortex may be used for cell polarization.
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Because speckle contrast was often low and filament overlap could also produce speckles, myosin tethers were used as fiducial marks for this study.
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The enthalpy ([Delta] H) and entropy ([Delta] S) of folding for the tropomyosin and troponin T peptides were determined from the change in ellipticity as previously described.
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This observation seems inconsistent with the hypothesis that myosin heads bind to actin in a stereospecific conformation in low ionic strength relaxing conditions.
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The data below are derived from comparing cross-bridge-bearing shelf positions to their unstrained positions predicted by linear regression of the whole set of myosin shelves.
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Dual expression of two CM mutants, that alone moderately increase myofilament activation, tropomyosin mutant A63V and cardiac troponin mutant R146G, were shown to additively slow myocyte relaxation beyond either mutant studied in isolation.
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Until recently, scientists thought RGS proteins, which are found only in small quantities in the heart -- a thousand times less than other, more common proteins, such as myosin and metabolic proteins -- played no key role in heart function.
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It is worth reiterating that we do not take exception to two-step binding of myosin to actin.
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Kominz DR, Eisenberg E (1975) C.rrelation between the inhibition of the acto-heavy meromyosin ATPase and the binding of tropomyosin to F-actin: effects of Mg2+, KC., troponin I, and troponin C. Biochemistry 14: 2718-2725.
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This behavior is consistent with the idea that a small amount of rigorlike, stereospecific actomyosin complexes are formed as a result of normal contractile activity.
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To quantify the cortical flow we measured the mean velocity of the myosin foci using kymographs.
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(TnT), and troponin C (TnC) and tropomyosin (Tm) the location of CM-linked mutations (gray circles) with in the secondary structure of troponin and tropomyosin.
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Austin JC, Chacko SK, DiSanto M, Canning DA, Zderic SA: A male murine model of partial bladder outlet obstruction reveals changes in detrusor morphology, contractility and myosin isoform expression.
Publications of the Urology Division
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The lower slope could indicate a stronger actomyosin bond in the slower muscle.
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Conibear PB, Geeves MA (1998) Cooperativity between the two heads of rabbit skeletal muscle heavy meromyosin in binding to actin.
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Diamond MS, Rutchik JS, Schachat FH (1987) Co-operative interactions between troponin-tropomyosin units extend the length of the thin filament in skeletal muscle.
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Muscle contraction results from the cyclic interaction of the myosin head with actin.
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: Regional alterations in the expression of smooth muscle myosin isoforms in response to partial bladder outlet obstruction.
Publications of the Urology Division
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Wu HY, Zderic SA, Wein AJ, Chacko S: Decrease in maximal force generation in the neonatal mouse bladder corresponds to shift in myosin heavy chain isoform composition.
Publications of the Urology Division
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To experimentally detect the configurational changes of a myosin cross-bridge responsible for the force production, extensive studies have been made on contracting muscle fibers.
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We have a worm whose body wall is a collagenous membrane and whose engine is the muscle protein actomyosin.
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Briefly, the cardiac myofibrils are composed of the major contractile proteins, actin and myosin.