How To Use Igneous In A Sentence
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The established idea that granitoid magmas ascend through the continental crust as diapirs is being increasingly questioned by igneous and structural geologists.
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A pegmatite is an extremely slow-cooling igneous rock in which very large crystals can form.
Mica
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The igneous contacts are sharp and are commonly concordant with the bedding and/or foliation in the host rocks.
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The phase of metamorphism dealing with the constructive changes in rocks, due to cementation, dynamic movements, and igneous influences, is called _anamorphism_.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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It is also a widespread constituent of a variety of igneous and metamorphic rocks and is occasionally found in pegmatites and in related veins marginal to igneous rock units ranging from granite to diabase.
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During the middle to late Tertiary Period, dikes, sills, and small irregular bodies of mafic to silicic igneous material were intruded into the bedded sedimentary and volcanic rocks.
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These white effusive igneous formations, found there and in the Thomas Mountains of Utah, and also in the tin districts of Catron and Sierra Counties within New Mexico, are still the only known source of bixbite.
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As an added bonus, the lava would simultaneously pave roads and sidewalks when it hardens into a glassy smooth surface of igneous rock.
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The igneous rocks in it include a variety of types, ranging from fine-, medium-, and coarse-grained granite, to syenite, monzonite, diorite, and gabbro.
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On land, igneous rocks can he granitelike material or they can he lava.
The Source
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Resin: there are pyroligneous DIN cellulose, especially medium restriction of polyacrylic ester class shrinkproof resin.
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But the complex of anisotropy and difficulty of exploration of igneous rock reservoir far exceeds others.
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“But the men have to understand that they may not waste even a lump, drop, or drip of coal, lamp oil, pyroligneous fuel, or ether for the spirit stoves.”
The Terror
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The steep, mountainous Volcanic Subalpine Forests ecoregion is composed of volcanic and igneous rocks, predominately andesitic with areas of basalt.
Ecoregions of Colorado (EPA)
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The expedition would be out of food, coal, oil, pyroligneous ether for lamp fuel, and rum.
The Terror
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Glaucophane and riebeckite are found in low-grade schists of basic igneous parentage; crocidolite occurs in medium-grade metamorphosed ironstones.
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The ophiolite contains a complete igneous stratigraphy of serpentinized ultramafics, gabbro, sheeted dykes and pillow lavas, as described by Moores.
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The heat of the igneous body initiates convection of the water, which is heated as it is drawn into the body and carries heat away after it becomes warm and buoyant, only to be replaced by cooler water drawn in from the sides.
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The only known igneous rocks in the area are Permian periodotite and lamprophyre dikes as well as diatremes of ultramafic composition associated with the Fluorite district.
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igneous rock is rock formed by solidification from a molten state; especially from molten magma
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Extrusive igneous activity dominates the northwestern flank of the trough.
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In the Tintic district of central Utah, Paleozoic limestones have been intruded by monzonite (an acid granitic or porphyritic igneous rock), and covered by surface flows, the flows for the most part having been removed by subsequent erosion.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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Paleoproterozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks along with Paleozoic sedimentary rocks make up the basement complex of the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado.
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The gossan is likely to resist erosion and to be conspicuous at the surface, -- though this depends largely on the relative resistance of the wall rocks, and on whether the gangue is a hard material like quartz, or some material which weathers more rapidly like limestone or igneous rock.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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Overthrusting, volcanism, and plutonic igneous intrusion were identified as originating above the subduction zone where one plate is forced beneath the edge of its neighbour.
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From igneous petrology: anatexis = fusion = melting
Microscopic is tinier than miniscule
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When we pass from the agency which geologists term igneous, to aqueous and atmospheric agencies, we see the like ever growing complications of effects.
Essays on Education and Kindred Subjects Everyman's Library
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In describing the physical properties of igneous rocks and the minerals that compose them, their texture and acidity were mentioned.
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The resultant body of molten liquid, called magma, will solidify to produce the igneous rock, granite, but if it is still in liquid form as it approaches the surface, lava results.
Centennial
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All igneous rocks contain at least a trace of barium, which is probably present in the silicates, and these small quantities are the ultimate source of the more concentrated deposits.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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(FeCO3), used as a pigment, and also found in the Kirtland shale; and various metamorphic and igneous rocks (such as andesite, schist, gabbro, slate, and olivine), which could have been picked up in the river
Tseh So, a Small House Ruin, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico :
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Nielsen, however, found no evidence for major faults and suggested that the igneous rocks had been intruded into and extruded onto the sedimentary units contemporaneously with basin development.
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During the past 250 million years, there have been 29 massive lava outpourings around the world, called large igneous provinces (LIPs).
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A propagating dyke (whether of igneous or elastic origin) is an example of an opening mode fracture that propagates as a tensile crack in a plane normal to the least compressive stress direction.
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Andesite and diorite are intermediate igneous rocks that have a chemistry between mafic and felsic (silica amounts between 53 to 65%).
Igneous rock
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The northwestern parts of La Hague comprise a suite of igneous units ranging in composition from diorite to granite monzonite collectively termed the Northern Granites.
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Fourthly, that the first of these liquors in a mixture of the alkali and igneous parts of quick-lime with the sulphureous substance of arsenick; for the orpin is a sort of arsenick, as I said before.
Forty Centuries of Ink
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The orange-red sulphides of arsenic, orpiment and realgar, are formed both as primary minerals of igneous source and as secondary products of weathering.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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Granulites are like their textural equivalents, granular igneous rocks, in being mosaics of interlocking crystals of roughly equal size.
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Eocene a great upheaval occurred; there were foldings and crumplings, igneous rock was thrust into the distorted mass, and the islands were considerably elevated above the sea.
The Bontoc Igorot
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By the Early Devonian the Iapetus Ocean had closed and was replaced in northern Britain by an essentially transtensional regime with sinistral shearing, and accompanied by major igneous activity.
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No, not as in igneous, granite, marble or quartz, but as in I just spent 5 days in Guadalajara and had a rockin 'good time.
Guadalajara Rocks!
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The layering in these ultramafic rocks, and their position above mantle tectonites, is attributed to lower crustal igneous processes.
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In other words, anamorphism tends toward the reproduction of igneous rocks, though it seldom fully accomplishes this result.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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The few ore bodies known have been formed as the result of unusual segregation of the nickel in highly magnesian igneous rock of the norite or gabbro type, at the time of its solidification or soon after; and in some cases, in order to produce the nickel ore, still further concentration by the agency of weathering has been necessary.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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These volcano and feeder systems have similarities to igneous centres, which also have cone-shaped edifices, calderas and downward tapering cones created during magma chamber collapse and ring-dyke intrusion.
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Commercial quantities of spodumene are in a special igneous rock deposit that geologists call a pegmatite.
Lithium
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In Fergus County, Montana, they are mined from decomposed dikes of lamprophyre (a basic igneous rock).
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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During the middle to late Tertiary Period, dikes, sills, and small irregular bodies of mafic to silicic igneous material were intruded into the bedded sedimentary and volcanic rocks.
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Rhyme, in particular, lay on a major NE-trending fault and local igneous activity may have provided the energy to sustain the hot springs.
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The layering in these ultramafic rocks, and their position above mantle tectonites, is attributed to lower crustal igneous processes.
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Some gem minerals have crystallized directly from igneous rocks other than granite; peridot is a good example.
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Like labradorite and anorthite, it is a common constituent of basic igneous rocks, such as gabbro and basalt.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary"
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However, enormous emphasis has been placed on them for understanding igneous processes and the evolution of Earth.
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In this stage pyroligneous liquids in the form of methanol and acetic acids are expelled and a small amount of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is emitted (Fernandes, 1991).
Chapter 5
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Major crustal rifting has also played a part in the evolution of large bodies of Proterozoic sedimentary and igneous rocks.
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The metal bottle holding a pint of pyroligneous ether fuel next to it had exploded, sending shrapnel flying in all directions but evidently just barely passing over their heads as they huddled in the tent.
The Terror
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Lower amphibolite-grade regional metamorphism predating intrusion of the Ballachulish Igneous Complex may have resulted in some monazite growth.
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Is there any other way of producing igneous rocks besides the volcanic eruption?
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The rounded conglomerate pebbles consist of siltstone, mudstone, wacke, granophyric igneous rocks, and various intermediate to felsic volcanic rocks, set in a matrix rich in quartz and feldspar grains.
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The summit of Machacha is composed of a dark igneous rock, apparently a sort of amygdaloidal trap, with white and greenish calcareous crystals scattered through it.
Impressions of South Africa
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Two facies of regionally metamorphosed rocks that may be of either original sedimentary or igneous derivation are characterized by epidote.
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The wood that is used at making a kitchen allegedly is the dry treatment processing with special course, paint covering layer of the surface can be ligneous Maecenas .
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Only detailed sampling of early weathering stages combined with suitable analytical techniques can reveal the presence of gibbsite as a primary weathering product in certain weathering crusts of acid igneous rocks.
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In igneous rock the ore-bearing solutions may have altered the wall rock to a dense mixture of quartz, sericite, and chlorite.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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Power systems in areas of igneous rock (gray) are the most vulnerable to the effects of intense geomagnetic activity because the high resistance of the igneous rock encourages geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) to flow in the power transmission lines situated above the rock.
Signs of the Times
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Therefore combinations of these fibers in any composition of non-amylaceous fiber (ligneous or woody fiber) will be dissolved, leaving the latter unharmed; the woody fibers remaining will prove suitable objects for examination under the microscope.
Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886
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She introduces cross-hatching as an internal element in wheeling and receding shapes that recall igneous rocks scored with veins of quartz.
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I'd had such splendid confusions about the geological world back then, before marrying a man who'd minored in igneous and granite.
HOMELAND AND OTHER STORIES
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The whole portion under consideration of what is here termed the denuded region, with some partial exceptions of later origin, is of igneous formation or alteration, as exhibited at and near the present surface.
Agricultural, Geological, and Descriptive Sketches of Lower North Carolina, and the Similar Adjacent Lands
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From igneous petrology: anatexis = fusion = melting
Microscopic is tinier than miniscule
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Intrusive igneous rocks such as diorite, gabbro and granite solidify below the Earth's surface while extrusive igneous rocks such as basalt, obsidian and pumice solidify on or above the surface.
The Brussels Journal - The Voice of Conservatism in Europe
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In most rocks feldspar is in too small grains and is too intimately associated with other minerals to be of commercial importance; in only one type of rock, pegmatite, which is an igneous rock of extremely coarse and irregular texture, are the feldspar crystals sufficiently large and concentrated to be commercially available.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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A dramatic period of igneous activity followed the deposition of these sediments in the Jurassic, with the injection of massive amounts of dolerite into the Parmeener Supergroup.
Tasmanian Wilderness, Australia
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With the exception of the post-Karoo igneous intrusive formation and the recent thin alluvia along the major river valleys, the strongly consolidated rocks of the Archean Basement Complex and the Karoo system underlie practically all of Swaziland and limit the groundwater development potential of the country.
Water profile of Swaziland
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Igneous intrusions injected as a mobile magma may show sharp contacts with surrounding, or country, rocks.
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Evidently, the wealth of minerals found at Brumado is related to the intrusion of igneous dikes and subsequent associated hydrothermal mineralization.
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Basalt is a fine-grained igneous rock that is primarily composed of the iron- and magnesium-rich minerals pyroxene and olivine and calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar.
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True, father, but I thought it would be preferable to the constant crepitation which is apt to attend the combustion of more seasoned ligneous fragments.
The Luck of Roaring Camp and Other Tales With Condensed Novels, Spanish and American Legends, and Earlier Papers
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Indigenous peoples shared their land with the newcomers and eventually it became more than sharing as the settlers colonized the continent and waged an undeclared war against Indigneous peoples.
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A usually coarse - grained igneous rock composed chiefly of calcic plagioclase and pyroxene.
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In what manner such a mass of crystallized matter as the Giant's Causway and similar columns of basaltes, could have been raised without other volcanic appearances, may be a matter not easy to comprehend; but there is another power in nature besides that of expansile vapour which may have raised some materials which have previously been in igneous or aqueous solution; and that is the act of congelation.
The Botanic Garden A Poem in Two Parts. Part 1: the Economy of Vegetation
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Igneous, who at times has been comical and brutal, transforms here, and when he finally expires, all alone but with love in his heart, it's a touching and sympathetic finale.
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At Goldfield, Nevada, native gold is found in surface igneous flows of a dacite type, which have undergone extensive hydrothermal alterations characterized by the development of alunite (a potassium-aluminum sulphate), quartz, and pyrite.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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The three mountainous areas consist of large cores of igneous rocks (granites and basalts) surrounded by larger areas of metamorphic rocks, mostly schists and gneiss.
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Nothing is more fitted to fill the mind with admiration of the force of organic action in the equinoctial zone than the aspect of those great igneous pericarps, for instance, the cocoa-tree (lodoicea) of the Maldives among the monocotyledons, and the bertholletia and the lecythis among the dicotyledons.
Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America
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This model has many similarities to published models of igneous feeder systems, which have traditionally been syntheses of a number of separate field exposures.
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The lone science class I'd been required to take, an introductory geology course, was graded pass/fail, and though I'd passed it (barely), I still wasn't sure what "igneous" meant.
Lost in the Meritocracy
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Having determined the age of the Ballachulish Igneous Complex, we now examine the behaviour of the U-bearing accessory minerals baddeleyite, zircon and monazite in the Ballachulish metamorphic aureole.
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A pluton can be defined as any igneous intrusion of rock that forms a kilometer or more below the Earth's surface.
Formation of the Earth's crust
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igneous fusion is fusion by heat alone
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The strata deposited at various times about their flanks have been infolded by later crumplings with the original mountain mass, and have been repeatedly crushed, inverted, faulted, intruded with igneous rocks, and denuded.
The Elements of Geology
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As an added bonus, the lava would simultaneously pave roads and sidewalks when it hardens into a glassy smooth surface of igneous rock.
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Chatting to others in her office I found that one off them was ex-Birkbeck and the other informed me that the igneous petrologist might indeed now be interested in my project as she has become obsessed with meteoritics - this is useful info.
Snell-Pym » 2008 » September
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These metamorphic and plutonic igneous rocks form the uplifted core of the broadly anticlinal Owl Creek Mountains, a mountain range that formed during the Late Cretaceous.
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Other features of distribution of minerals associated with igneous rocks are indicated by their grouping in metallogenic provinces and epochs
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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Recent sediments consist of uncompacted and uncemented sands, clays, and silts, and they have a strength of the order of one thousandth that of many strong metamorphosed basement, or igneous, rocks.
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For example, the igneous rock called basalt was created at a great depth and contains little feldspar compared to granite, which formed near the surface.
6. Obtaining glaze materials
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an igneous desert atmosphere
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The influence of crustal lineaments on the distribution of igneous activity and their influence on its geochemistry are also illustrated by the location of metalliferous deposits.
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a small hole closed by the upper extremity of the columella, nature has not furnished monkeys with the means of opening the ligneous pericarp, as it has of opening the covercle of the lecythis, called in the missions the covercle of the monkeys 'cocoa.
Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, During the Year 1799-1804 — Volume 2
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Two series of igneous rocks have been found: tholeiitic, ranging from picrite basalt to basaltic andesite (to rhyodacites); mildly alkaline, with a more restricted compositional range (picrite basalts and basalts).
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A nonconformity is a boundary where stratified (layered) rock rests upon un-stratified igneous or metamorphic rock.
Recently Uploaded Slideshows
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A platinum arsenide, called sperrylite, is sometimes found associated with sulphide minerals in basic igneous rocks.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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Like all the radioactive clocks used by geologists, potassium/ argon timing works only with so-called igneous rocks.
THE GREATEST SHOW ON EARTH
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Although closely associated with plutonic igneous rocks, porphyry mineralization commonly encompasses large volumes of the surrounding host rocks to the intrusion.
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Its occurrence is largely restricted to relatively unusual alkalic igneous rocks, such as sodic granites, certain syenites and trachytes, and related carbonatite-bearing terranes.
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They contain kilometre-scale blocks of igneous basement rocks, plucked by the rising diapir from the footwall of the fault.
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Detrital quartz from an igneous source is usually substantially brighter in luminescence than quartz of an authigenic origin.
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An exception may be its type locality in Colombia, where it occurs in veinlets and pockets in carbonaceous sedimentary units apparently distant from igneous rocks.
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The prevalence of Late Jurassic subduction-related igneous rocks indicates that arc formation and accretion orogeny were the most important processes during the evolution of this part of the Internal Hellenides.
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Clayey gravel or gravel, and crushed igneous rocks are commonly used as pavement materials, and cementitious binders are the main stabilising agents.
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York the emery deposits are segregations of aluminum and iron oxides in norite (a basic igneous rock).
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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Granite and granodiorite are common intrusive igneous rocks that are restricted to the Earth's continents.
Igneous rock
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This transition coincides with an upsection increase in megaturbidite beds and increasing abundance of trace amounts of mafic igneous detritus.
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The original home of platinum is in basic igneous rocks, such as peridotites, pyroxenites, and dunites, where it has been found in small, scattered crystals intergrown with olivine, pyroxene, and chromite.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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It has also been found in silica-poor igneous rocks, such as syenite, nepheline syenite, serpentinite, and lamprophyre.
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Below the lowest sheet of largely coherent mafic igneous rocks is the Phyllite-Quartzite Group, a sequence of turbidites and black mudrocks.
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It is not yet clear whether metasomatism takes place earlier than, concurrent with or subsequent to alkaline igneous activity and melt migration.
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Igneous rocks are those that have formed from molten magma.
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Similarly, geomorphology varies from a low-gradient slope along the alluvial coastal plain, composed primarily of unconsolidated sediments to steeper gradients of acidic rocks of igneous origin and clastic sediments as one moves up into the mountains.
Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest
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Two facies of regionally metamorphosed rocks that may be of either original sedimentary or igneous derivation are characterized by epidote.
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Oh, that one's a P.Geo - a professional geologist - is can log drill holes, update and construct geological models, they are experts in igneous and metamorphic petrology and petrography, hydrogeology, sedimentolgoy and structural geology.
Archive 2008-04-01
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The petrology of British Palaeocene igneous rocks shows that the asthenosphere was unusually hot and that the lavas were produced by fractional crystallization of larger volumes of melt near the Moho.
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Figure 3-17 shows graphically the division of igneous rocks according to their mineral content and their grain size.
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The occurrence of these felsic extrusive igneous rocks potentially provides key information on the complex interplay of magmatism and tectonics.
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These range from skarns resulting from proximity to felsic intrusive igneous activity to altered limestone volcanic ejecta associated with pumice and other pyroclastic materials.
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• Rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic, according to how they formed.
Recently Uploaded Slideshows
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This primary ore, or protore, was clearly formed after the solidification of the igneous rocks, though soon after, by solutions from igneous sources which followed fractured and shattered zones.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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Aligned igneous minerals of euhedral potassium feldspar, plagioclase, biotite and hornblende in an undeformed quartz matrix define a magmatic foliation.
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Weathered igneous and metamorphic rocks generally result in stony, well-drained, and relatively unfertile soils.
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The higher elevations of the Nicobars often contain serpentine and gabbro formations, whereas at lower elevations Eocene sediments (sandstones, shales, and siltstones) with ultrabasic igneous intrusions predominate.
Nicobar Islands rain forests
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Its occurrence is largely restricted to relatively unusual alkalic igneous rocks, such as sodic granites, certain syenites and trachytes, and related carbonatite-bearing terranes.
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Wood vinegar, also known as pyroligneous acid, is the sap or fluid derived from tree cells.
Wil's Ebay E-Store
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Weathered igneous and metamorphic rocks generally result in stony, well-drained, and relatively unfertile soils.
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igneous rocks...closely appressed by this force
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The petrogenesis of igneous rocks in the Albany-Fraser Province is not well constrained, although U-Pb zircon geochronology establishes that most granitic protoliths were not tectonically reworked Yilgarn Craton.
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Several igneous dikes and sills have been intruded into this sedimentary sequence, the largest of which is the Great Whin Sill, a quartz-orthopyroxene dolerite of late Carboniferous age.
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It and OMEGA have revealed a diversity of igneous rock compositions that rivals Earth's.
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In addition to the reserves in already established environments, there remains another category, as yet unevaluated, of potential reserves of both thorium and uranium in minor accessory minerals of alkalic igneous rocks and carbonatites (intrusive limestones) which are widespread in western United States.
Nuclear Energy and the Fossil Fuels (historical)
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A Maori warrior made his mere of greenstone, an igneous rock, and ground one side to a sharp edge.
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It is a common product of alteration in igneous rocks, and frequently occurs as well-developed crystals in association with zeolites lining the amygdaloidal cavities of basaltic and other rocks.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary"
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They probably represent the time of igneous emplacement of the granitic source rocks.
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I wonder if there are further classifications of igneous rocks.
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Some molybdenite forms when igneous bodies contact rock and metamorphose, or change, the rock.
Molybdenum
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They are called "igneous" rocks, from the Latin word
Diggers in the Earth
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Continental break-up produced voluminous extrusive volcanic deposits and associated igneous intrusions, and had a major impact on long-term climatic conditions in the early Tertiary.
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Figure 3-17 shows graphically the division of igneous rocks according to their mineral content and their grain size.
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Petrogenesis Igneous petrogenesis is the process or set of processes by which igneous rocks are formed.
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Piña et al. synthesize the existing geological data and provide a metallogenetic model for the Aguablanca deposit based on the structural and gravity data obtained from the Aguablanca stock and petrological, geochemical, and mineralogical data on the host igneous rocks and the ore bodies.
EurekAlert! - Breaking News
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On Macquarie Island there's very similar kind of geology, as I'm sure Rick has described; we have mantle rocks and evidence of punctuated deformation events in igneous activity.
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All, claimed to be based on a traditional Japanese system, are teabag-like pads containing wood vinegar (aka pyroligneous acid) and other ingredients such as herbs and minerals.
More pseudoscience afoot
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The U content of these metamorphic baddeleyites is towards the low end of the range seen in igneous baddeleyite, but not sufficiently different to be diagnostic.
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Throughout the week, unusually large amounts of crustae (marble revetment slabs) have been found that are mainly composed of green-white cipollino from Euboia, purple veined pavonazetto marble from Dokimeion, white marble, and even some small pieces of red porphyry, which is a type of igneous rock.
Interactive Dig Sagalassos - Roman Baths Report 6
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Igneous and metamorphic petrology of lavas and dykes of the Macquarie Island ophiolite complex.
MacQuarie Island, Australia
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The Volcanic Mid-Elevation Forests ecoregion occurs at elevations of about 7500 to 10,000 feet and is composed of igneous rocks of andesite and basalt.
Ecoregions of New Mexico (EPA)
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To prevent these injuries so hurtful to commerce the employment of different substances should be tried such as pyroligneous acid, the chloride of lime, the bichloride of mercury.
Movement of the International Literary Exchanges, between France and North America from January 1845 to May, 1846 With Instructions for Collecting, Preparing, and Forwarding Objects of Natural History Written by The Professors Administrators of The Museum
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Six mineral zones have been delineated in the thermal aureole formed by the post-tectonic Strath Ossian Igneous Complex.
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It has also been found in silica-poor igneous rocks, such as syenite, nepheline syenite, serpentinite, and lamprophyre.
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Their textures and their intercrystallization with the primary minerals of the igneous rock have suggested that they are essentially a part of the norite mass, and that they crystallized during some segregative processes which were effective before the magma had solidified.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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A swarm of mafic igneous dikes have intruded the Estes pegmatite and make a showy display in the quarry face.
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Piña et al. synthesize the existing geological data and provide a metallogenetic model for the Aguablanca deposit based on the structural and gravity data obtained from the Aguablanca stock and petrological, geochemical, and mineralogical data on the host igneous rocks and the ore bodies.
EurekAlert! - Breaking News
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But today oil companies are capable of drilling only as deep as six miles, and this in sedimentary rock; in igneous and metamorphic rock, drill bits have so far penetrated only two miles.
2008 February 02 « Unambiguously Ambidextrous
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An alternative origin as a Large Igneous Province is less likely, as the volcanic rocks should be mainly relatively depleted subaqueous flood basalts rather than alkali basalts associated with slope talus.
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The regional physiognomy is characterized by broad ridges and rugged dissected stream valleys cutting through sedimentary rocks and scattered igneous knobs.
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They were composed of solid granodiorite; a very hard igneous rock.
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They were primarily studying the igneous rocks in the region but still managed to bag a few good fossils.
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Major shear zones containing basic and ultrabasic igneous rocks are interpreted as suture zones.
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By what train of investigations were geologists induced at length to reject these views, and to assent to the igneous origin of the trappean formations?
The Harvard Classics Volume 38 Scientific Papers (Physiology, Medicine, Surgery, Geology)
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A volcanic or igneous breccia forms during eruptive activities.
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This mineral is typical of a special igneous rock known as a pegmatite.
Cesium
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Some gem minerals have crystallized directly from igneous rocks other than granite; peridot is a good example.
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In much recent literature the term ‘Caledonian’ has also been applied to igneous and metamorphic events in a chronological sense.
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It should be noted that these values represent a minimum, as both igneous additions to the crust and mantle serpentinization can generate additional ‘crust’ (in terms of density and hence subsidence behaviour).
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Volcanic rocks of enormous thickness and deep-seated igneous intrusions from this period have created much of the geology of the Peruvian Andes.
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Two facies of regionally metamorphosed rocks that may be of either original sedimentary or igneous derivation are characterized by epidote.
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Furthermore, the lunar orbiters confirmed that the highlands of the moon are dominated by anorthosite, an igneous rock composed primarily of the mineral feldspar and rich in calcium and aluminum.
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Large tuff-filled clastic dykes invade volcaniclastic deposits associated with the Ferrar large igneous province.
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ligneous (or woody) tissue
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Soils are weathered from a variety of crystalline and metamorphic materials, such as gneiss, schist, and granite, as well as some areas of igneous intrusive rocks.
Ecoregions of New Mexico (EPA)
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Because zeolites form in hydrous environments, typically through alteration of igneous rocks, they may ultimately be found on Mars, if liquid water did once exist on that planet.
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Furthermore, the lunar orbiters confirmed that the highlands of the moon are dominated by anorthosite, an igneous rock composed primarily of the mineral feldspar and rich in calcium and aluminum.
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Igneous rocks, including granite and gabbro, are common.
Ecoregions of Oklahoma (EPA)
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On the basis of their morphology, they are interpreted to be late-stage igneous grains.
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Clay minerals distribute extensively in various slopes made of sedimentary rock, weathering profiles of igneous rock, metamorphic rock and sedimentary rock and colluvial deposits.
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A swarm of mafic igneous dikes have intruded the Estes pegmatite and make a showy display in the quarry face.
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Geologically, molybdenite forms in high-temperature environments such as in igneous rocks.
Molybdenum
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Thus the igneous rock called basalt was created at a great depth, and contains little feldspar compared to granite, which formed near the surface.
Chapter 5
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Most of these are on igneous and metamorphic rock to minimize groundwater losses.
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The ophiolite contains a complete igneous stratigraphy of serpentinized ultramafics, gabbro, sheeted dykes and pillow lavas, as described by Moores.
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At Goldfield, Nevada, native gold is found in surface igneous flows of a dacite type, which have undergone extensive hydrothermal alterations characterized by the development of alunite (a potassium-aluminum sulphate), quartz, and pyrite.
The Economic Aspect of Geology
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As for so many cases in the Earth sciences, the igneous geologist has to work back in time using all available field, geochemical, and experimental data to construct a viable petrogenetic history for any particularly igneous rock.
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Clayey gravel or gravel, and crushed igneous rocks are commonly used as pavement materials, and cementitious binders are the main stabilising agents.
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An attentive examination of a metamorphic region shows that here and there the alteration and recrystallisation have proceeded so far that the rocks graduate into granites and other so-called igneous rocks.
Geographical Evolution
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It is true that all "Neptunists" (and I used quotation marks on purpose to show that the word was taken in a wider context) did not subscribe to the diluvialist view but it is also true that Guettard was the man primarily responsible for the break-through that clipped the wings of those who did, and of those who did not, like Warner, Saussure, and Jameson, but held that igneous rocks were precipitated out of aqueous media.
Vulcanists & Neptunists
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The basement of the Precordillera and Chilenia terranes are Grenville-age igneous and metamorphic rocks.
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Conversely, there is during this time interval a general scarcity of erupted igneous rocks that can be reliably tied into relative stratigraphy.
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Igneous upwelling in the resultant space between the two continents produced the anomalously thick oceanic crust of the Caribbean Plate.
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rocks formed by igneous agents
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The grain size of an igneous rock depends upon the rate of cooling.
