How To Use Haploid In A Sentence
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The FB-MOs, mitochondria, and haploid nuclei all segregate into budding spermatids and eventually occupy most of the cytoplasmic space.
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It usually grows as a haploid yeast that reproduces by budding, but under certain environmental conditions it may also undergo a sexual cycle resulting in the production of basidiospores.
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Zebrafish can also be made to develop as haploids by fertilizing the egg with sperm heavily irradiated with ultraviolet light.
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Haploid sperm from P. lucida (different superscripts represent different males) fertilizes the M egg producing an ML female with the same maternal genome as her mother, but different paternal genome.
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Reduced to just the haploid maternal complement of chromosomes, the egg develops into a male.
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Chromosome loss is indicated by the production of aneuploid colonies that are small and may contain haploid sectors that spread in radial arrays.
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The alternation between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte phases, known as alternation of generations, occurs in all multi-cellular plants.
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In the absence of growth inhibition cells are smaller and follow the normal axial budding pattern of haploid cells, in which new cells bud adjacent to the previous site of cytokinesis.
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Human, Homo sapiens, is a diploid (2n = 46) animal with a haploid genome size of about 3.5 pg.
Comparing Teleological Predictions with their Non-teleological Counterparts
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Right away, the book stimulated a useful discussion on embryogenesis, haploidy, diploidy, gastrulation, and neurulation.
Archive 2006-01-01
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This process culminates when haploid lac +revertant cells overgrow the original clone of cells with an amplification.
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Potato breeding for combined resistance to tropical pests by the ploidy level manipulation approach: progress in extraction of haploids with male fertility and 2n pollen.
Chapter 25
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The RANDOM statement of this procedure was used because the haploid random factor was nested within the series factor.
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However, to a low extent, viable spores can also be recovered from a very small population of homozygous diploid nuclei in an otherwise haploid plasmodium.
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Figure 17.6 Key Haploid (n) Diploid (2 n) Egg (n) Zygote (2 n) Sperm (n) (released from male gametangium) Gametophyte (n) (underside) Fertilization Clusters of sporangia New sporophyte (2 n) growing out of gametophyte Mature sporophyte (independent of gametophyte)
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Like the gregarines, however, the life cycle is primarily haploid, with diploidy only occurring before meiosis.
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Previous work has calculated the covariance expected under autosomal inheritance in diploids and haploids.
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Males are haploid; they have only one copy of the genome.
SuperCooperators
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Most of the remaining plants regenerated are sterile haploid plants while a few partially sterile plants could be polyploid or aneuploid.
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The haploid tetraspore is released from this filament and is carried by water currents and tides to new locations.
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First, tetraploids continue to bud in stationary phase, whereas haploids arrest as unbudded cells.
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We conclude that the haploids had a greater frequency of mutant phenotypes than the diploids.
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Each genotype was crossed with the haploid strain isogenic to its own ancestor but of the opposite mating type.
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This is likely to be the null phenotype for pob3 mutants since we observed a similar accumulation of cells after germination of haploids carrying a deletion of POB3.
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The ascomycete fungi are haploid at all times other than when the gametes fuse to produce the zygote.
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Two of the haploid plants generated from Fuyu 3xWMR 29 crosses were susceptible to races 1, 6, and 7.
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The two sperm cells enter the ovule - in the ovule are a diploid cell called the polar nucleus and a haploid female gamete
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Meiosis is the program used by sexually reproducing organisms to produce haploids from diploid precursors.
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Thus, we were able to identify the bud scars in four of the suppressors, and they all showed the normal axial distribution in haploid cells.
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The inferred chromosome numbers of these extinct species suggest that seven to nine is the primitive haploid chromosome number of angiosperms and that most angiosperms approximately 70 percent have polyploidy in their history.
Junk DNA is still junk - The Panda's Thumb
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But because males are haploid (and assuming monandry), her sisters share 75% of her genes.
At What Level did this Evolve?
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The number of recombinants and total cells for haploids was corrected to reflect the entire culture.
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Meiosis is the process by which diploid organisms produce haploid gametes capable of sexual reproduction.
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Ulva produces isomorphic thalli for its diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte.
Mutation, selection and complexity - The Panda's Thumb
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Ruggeri et al. demonstrated that NK cell alloreactivity can control relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) without causing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in the setting of HLA-mismatched haploidentical allogeneic SCT
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles
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Immortal mapping populations will be used as doubled haploids, recombinant inbred lines, nested association mapping (NAM) lines, high resolution lines, and nearly isogenic lines.
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The nucleus of sperm and eggs are haploid, meaning they only have half their normal compliment of genetic material, while somatic cell nuclei are diploid (it occurs to Sci that she's gonna have to explain meiosis some day ...).
ScienceBlogs Channel : Life Science
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Evidence that animals can monitor the linear dimensions of their organs comes from organisms with either less or more than the diploid number of chromosomes - that is haploid and polyploid organisms.
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The haploid myxamoebae act as isogametes; individuals of different mating types pair and fuse to form diploid zygotes that develop into macroscopic, diploid plasmodia after repeated mitotic cycles without cell division.
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These two strains were haploid and isogenic except for the indicated genotypes.
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Many algae are characterized by an alternation of haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations.
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The embryogenic process originated during anther culture may have different origins, for example, haploid cells such as microspores or pollen grains, or somatic cells from anther tissues.
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The life cycle of Physarum includes two distinct vegetative forms: the haploid amoeba and the diploid plasmodium.
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The next two sections illustrate how to do this by carrying out the calculations for autosomal genes in dioecious haploids and for autosomal, sex-linked, and cytoplasmic genes in diploids.
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These observations indicate that the MTOCs of the two haploid nuclei failed to fuse, remaining as microtubule nucleating centers.
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In social hymenopterans, male haploidy further reduces effective population size.
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In environments where fast reproduction is important, haploid organisms can have an advantage.
At What Level did this Evolve?
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The significance of the “diploid” genome is that Levy and colleagues obtained sequence from both chromosomes in each pair, rather than settling for a composite “haploid” genome.
The $1,000 Genome
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Each basidiospore contains a recombinant haploid nucleus, the product of meiosis.
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The two haploid genomes of the two gametes are then combined to constitute a new individual.
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In triploids, three separate haploid chromosome sets have been observed, as well as one diploid and one haploid set.
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The gametes they produce are haploid, meaning that they contain only one of each chromosome pair.
Population Genetics
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In haploid yeast, cells arrest in the G 1 phase of the cell cycle and enter a quiescent phase referred to as G 0.
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Meiotic division then gives rise to haploid cells that develop into infective sporozoites, which migrate to the mosquito salivary glands and infect humans during mosquito blood-feeding.
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My eyes are brown, but you don't take that particular coding into the haploid mix when you make a free-convert egg.
METAPLANETARY
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Simultaneous analysis of the haploid megagametophyte and diploid embryo in a seed allows the female and male gametic contributions to the zygote to be separated.
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As for “life starts at conception” — two haploid gametes, themselves “alive”, certainly a product of “life”, come together to form a diploid cell which eventually becomes whatever its DNA demands: a mouse, an elephant, a human, whatever.
Matthew Yglesias » Too Hot for CBS
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The plant life cycle alternates between a diploid sporophyte and a haploid gametophyte generation.
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Peranteau WH, Heaton TE, Gu YC, Volk SW, Bauer TR, Alcorn K, Tuschong LM, Johnson MP, Hickstein DD, Flake AW. Haploidentical in utero hematopoietic cell transplantation improves phenotype and can induce tolerance for postnatal same-donor transplants in the canine leukocyte adhesion deficiency.
CHOP stem cells publications
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Oocytes and sperm are haploid, with one set of chromosomes, whereas somatic cells are diploid, with two chromosomal sets.
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Although triploidy and haploidy of chromosomal regions in humans often cause viable or semiviable developmental defects, it is difficult to identify regions of the genome that are haplolethal.
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Daniel Smith: So selection would favor haploid reproduction?
At What Level did this Evolve?
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Due to the colchicine-induced or spontaneous process of chromosome doubling that takes place during the early stages of embryo development, fertile double haploid plants can be easily regenerated within a short period of time.
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In the generations following a dysgenic cross, the IF invades the genome until it reaches 10-15 copies per haploid genome and is progressively repressed through an autoregulation process.
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Following sporulation and tetrad dissection, we determined the genotypes of the resulting haploid spores.
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After meiosis, the four meiotic products undergo an additional mitotic division to yield eight haploid nuclei, which differentiate into an octad of eight ascospores.
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Each haploid cell undergoes a mitotic division to produce the generative and vegetative nuclei.
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A pine tree is called a sporophyte because it develops from a spore produces spores is haploid can reproduce sexually and asexually cannot undergo meiosis
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Only about 15% of viable microspores stayed at the haploid uninucleate or binucleate stages.
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They differ from the ‘green algae’ in that the young sporophyte - or diploid plant - begins its development within the tissues of its parent gametophyte - or haploid plant.
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The haploid tetraspores erminate and give rise to haploid gametophytic plants.
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The comparison of newly formed polyploids with their haploid progenitors has revealed that nascent polyploids have a defect in stationary-phase viability.
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Ulva produces isomorphic thalli for its diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte.
Mutation, selection and complexity - The Panda's Thumb
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But because males are haploid (and assuming monandry), her sisters share 75% of her genes.
At What Level did this Evolve?
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From this dikaryon, the two progenitor haploid genomes were recovered by protoplast formation and regeneration.
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These haploid cells - now called spermatids - thus contain 23 single half chromosomes.
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Because this region contains no essential genes, haploid recombinants containing this deletion are viable.
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We conclude that Dempster's 1955 discrete-time model is irrelevant to the vast majority of haploid species subject to density-dependent population regulation.
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Eventually, the dikaryon forms sexual sporangia in which the nuclei fuse into one, which then undergoes meiosis to form haploid spores, and the cycle is repeated.
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The gametophyte is haploid, that is, each cell contains a single complete set of chromosomes, and arises from the germination of a haploid spore.
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Unlike vascular plants, the haploid gametophyte generation is dominant in mosses.
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First, the increase in frequency of original gene and duplicate (corresponding to the rise of diploidy from haploid organisms) is not at issue here.
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Ulva produces isomorphic thalli for its diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte.
Mutation, selection and complexity - The Panda's Thumb
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We discussed spermatogenesis -- how we got from a diploid spermatogonial stem cell to a haploid spermatid -- and then spermiogenesis -- the process by which the spermatids acquire the features of spermatozoa: tails, acrosomes and the like.
ScienceBlogs Channel : Life Science
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At the same time, the information of flax biotechnology of anther culture, haploid breeding, utilization of somatic mutation, protoplasmic culture, gene transformation were introduced in detail.
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Two of them are seen in a single haploid nucleus.
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In both strains, haploid phenotypes from tetrads yielding four viable spores may be used to measure the strength of crossover interference.
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It has been recently shown that fusel alcohols, notably butanol, induce filamentous growth in haploid cells on both solid and liquid media.
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The computer keeps track of each mutation's position and deleterious effect on a single haploid chromosome for each individual.
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The tetraspores and the gametophytes are the only haploid stages in the coralline algae.
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Zygotic embryogenesis in animals and plants starts with the fusion of the haploid female and male gametes, giving rise to a diploid zygote.
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The number of linkage groups resolved agrees well with the cytologically determined haploid chromosome number of 21.
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No suppressor mutations were isolated from a screen of 104,000 haploid genomes.
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In the following, we use superscripts H, S, and D to denote variables measured after haploid selection, syngamy, and diploid selection, respectively.
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The inferred chromosome numbers of these extinct species suggest that seven to nine is the primitive haploid chromosome number of angiosperms and that most angiosperms approximately 70 percent have polyploidy in their history.
Junk DNA is still junk - The Panda's Thumb
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Meiosis is the component of gametogenesis responsible for the segregation of homologous chromosomes into haploid gametes.
