How To Use Germination In A Sentence
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Keep the seeds in warm, damp conditions to encourage germination.
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In the meantime there is the best germination of winter herbage that I have seen for the last 20 years.
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A large fraction of these embryos aborted on the germination medium and were not able to regenerate plantlets.
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Initially 2-4 seeds were planted in each pot; 2 weeks after germination the seedlings were thinned to one per pot.
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Seed crops will receive either diquat or glufosinate-ammonium instead because glyphosate can be translocated into seed and affect subsequent germination.
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A 2 x 4 x 12 factorial design was used to assess the effects of light, temperature and month, respectively, on the germination of Spergularia marina seeds.
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Dormancy is defined as the inability of a viable seed to germinate under conditions otherwise adequate for germination.
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Expression was again up-regulated in early embryogeny and again during germination.
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The poor germination of your seed could be because the soil was too cold.
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Do not water again before germination, unless the soil dries out excessively.
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In contrast to aerobic germination where the radicle emerged first and both root and shoot growth were observed, only the shoot emerged and elongated during the entire anaerobic incubation period.
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In mangroves this is accomplished with seed germination while still attached to the parent tree.
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This looks like red rice. It's different to normal white polished rice, and it's capable of germination.
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-- The cells composing the embryous membrane contain, as already stated, the cerealine, but after the germination they contain cerealine and diastase, that is to say, a portion of the cerealine changed into diastase, with which it has the greatest analogy.
Scientific American Supplement, No. 275, April 9, 1881
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In plant terms these are familiar growth and development phenomena, such as de-etiolation, flower induction, wind sway response, regeneration, induced bud break/germination, tropic bending, etc.
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Prior to seed germination, the pericarp of a dispersed fruit opens to form a small slit near the stylar end.
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I have not followed the zoospore from its encystment to its germination; but, as the spores germinate freely in cultures which contain no trace of empty mem - branes, such as are seen with germinating diplanetic spores, there can be no doubt of their monoplanetism.
Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
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Lego is, like, the perfect device to enculturate a citizenry intolerant of smell, intestinal by-products, nonadherence to unified standards, decay, blurred edges, germination, and death.
Microserfs
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This is the style of germination test best suited to the home garden, since all you need is a paper towel (or similarly absorbent paper product) and a zip-lock bag.
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Both solar UVA and UVB radiation impair conidial culturability and delay germination in the entomopathogenic fungus '' Metarhizium anisopliae ''.
Phenotypic responses of arctic species to changes in climate and ultraviolet-B radiation
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They produce numerous biological effects including promotion of leaf senescence and abscission, stomatal closure, inhibition of root growth, and germination of non-dormant seeds.
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The potato dextrose liquor and indian jujube leaf liquor could promote conidia germination obviously.
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Germination of wild-type spores is initiated by an isotropic growth phase generating spherical germ cells.
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Finally, the seeds were washed with sterile water five or six times before placing them for germination on cotton pads.
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Seeds of some species do not germinate when placed under conditions normally regarded as favourable to germination and are said to be dormant.
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No differences were noted in pollen germination, pollen tube growth or fertilization between experimental tests of xenogamy and geitonogamy in S. mucugensis.
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Specialist seedsmen take quality, high-germination seed and turn it in drums with controlled humidity and warmth.
The Sun
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A small set of genes that are regulated by KAR1, even when germination is prevented by the absence of gibberellin biosynthesis or light, were identified.
ScienceBlogs Channel : Life Science
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Before planting, soak seeds overnight in warm water to soften and speed germination.
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Low activity for both promoters was also observed in the early stages of seed germination and in young seedlings.
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By the slow mode of conducting vegetation here recommended, an actual and minute separation of the parts takes place; the germination of the radicles and acrospire carries off the cohesive properties of the barley, thereby contributing to the preparation of the saccharine matter, which it has no tendency to extract, or otherwise injure, but to increase and meliorate, so long as the acrospire is confined within the husk; and by as much as it is wanting of the end of the grain, by so much does the malt fall short of perfection; and in proportion as it is advanced beyond, is that purpose defeated.
The American Practical Brewer and Tanner
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In contrast, such carbon sources as malate, propionate, and citrate did not activate germination.
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I love to be edited if the editing is intelligent and I had about five good friends who were essential to the germination and progression of the book.
A Conversation with Zadie Smith about On Beauty
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Seeds of some species do not germinate when placed under conditions normally regarded as favourable to germination and are said to be dormant.
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After a couple of weeks under cover, the soil temperature below the cloches will have risen sufficiently to help seed germination.
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For example, cumulative per cent germination is probit transformed and then paired with the temperature-time at which the probit was observed.
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Nevertheless, growing these parasitic plants in vitro is difficult, because of their dependence on a connection to hosts for normal development, and because of their specific germination requirements.
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The culture and the spore germination media have been reviewed by these authors, especially the minimal synthetic medium containing either dextrin or oleic acid (0.05% plus 0.2% Tween 40, OA medium) as carbon sources.
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Their germination is a mystery to the oldest inhabitants, to whose means and taste they are totally foreign.
John Bull's Other Island
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Seeds with epigeal germination may benefit from being planted slightly shallower than suggested above.
5. How plants live and grow
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As the root grows following seed germination, the stomatal zone overlaps with that of the root hairs.
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Salts and PDB above diluent threshold concentrations inhibit the effect of antimicrobial peptides on the germination of conidia, therefore all these quantitative assays were performed in a 50-fold diluted modified PDB.
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As water migrates to the soil surface, it replenishes soil water around the seed and new roots during the critical germination and emergence period.
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Germination is a measure of the capacity of a grain kernel of producing a normal seedling.
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Germination is a period characterized by the events that commence with the uptake of water by the quiescent dry seed and terminate with the elongation of the embryonic axis.
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More recent work suggests that the cell wall hydrolase, pectin methyl esterase, plays a role in weakening of the megagametophyte, allowing radicle emergence and the completion of germination.
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The results showed that seed germination and mortality of Zygophyllum xanthoxylum were significantly affected by winged perianth, and varied with the burial depth and duration.
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Since bananas are seedless, they do not rely on the germination of seeds to propagate themselves.
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The number of embryos developing an epicotyl was determined after 9 weeks in germination.
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Seeds produce a hormone called abscisic acid, or ABA, that prevents germination.
Undefined
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When resin vesicles are damaged during seed processing, the result is generally a decline in seed germination.
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Following germination, sporophytic embryo tissue was separated from surrounding female gametophytic tissue.
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It can provide a potent mixture of allelopathy and shade for the soil, inhibiting weed seed germination.
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This reduction in total germination percentage was accompanied by a higher rate of fungal growth in primed seeds.
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Peptide transport activity appears in the scutellum of barley seeds after 6-12 h imbibition, before any visible signs of germination, and increases rapidly to a maximum around 24 h imbibition.
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We began germination chamber tests for stratification effects after 20 days of stratification.
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Low activity for both promoters was also observed in the early stages of seed germination and in young seedlings.
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Day-old flowers emasculated in the greenhouse experiment occasionally produced a fruit, indicating that the germination of self-pollen begins the day a flower opens.
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Most plants can be set slightly deeper than they were growing in the germination flat.
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Although birch germination was unaffected by patch type, birch survivorship also was lower in bluestem and aspen than in horsetail.
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All of the sound nuts in these lots were planted in a rodent-proof coldframe immediately after they were removed from storage, and from 90 to 95\% germination of the seed was obtained throughout.
Northern Nut Growers Association Report of the Proceedings at the Thirty-Seventh Annual Report Wooster, Ohio, September 3, 4, 5, 1946
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If the problems of temperature and moisture requirement necessary for conidial discharge and spore germination could be overcome, use of fungi might be a practical method for controlling insects in stored products.
Chapter 8
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The gametophyte is haploid, that is, each cell contains a single complete set of chromosomes, and arises from the germination of a haploid spore.
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Prize for the fastest germination goes to a potful of crimson clover, which came up less than 48 hours after sowing!
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Light is important for plant growth and morphogenesis, affecting germination, seedling development, shade avoidance, flowering, and photosynthesis.
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This investigation was pursued on barley grains, a model with a large physiological and molecular background dealing with the mobilization of hydrolytic enzymes during germination.
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In the third cohort, a total of 145 seeds were cold stratified for 30 days and then checked for germination on filter paper in a petri dish.
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The poor germination of your seed could be because the soil was too cold.
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Warmth and moisture creates the germination process causing the seeds to break their casings and stretch out of the soil.
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This paper deals with the effect of leaching liquor of Conyza canadensis on seed germination and seedling growth of three crops including wheat, rape and cabbage.
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A ten percent germination rate can leave a lot of bare soil in a flower bed, or lead to a disappointment of broccoli.
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The same phenomenon is observed in the process of malting, which is in fact the artificial germination of barley, the malt produced always weighing considerably less than the grain from which it was obtained.
Elements of Agricultural Chemistry
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In the vegetable kingdom sensitiveness of an involuntary nature is discernible in the form of germination and growth while a still higher type of sensibility accompanied by a limited consciousness can be seen in the animal life.
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Seeds were imbibed and cold stratified in darkness for 4 days at 4° to induce germination.
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When planting here, to reach the moisture necessary for germination, farmers drill their seeds eight inches into the soil.
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When the weather is showery and the soils are warming, germination is quick.
The Sun
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Products secreted after conidial germination into hyphae are differentially recognized by protective T cells in healthy, non-atopic individuals.
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles
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Dormancy is defined as the inability of a viable seed to germinate under conditions otherwise adequate for germination.
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Theoretically, humans should have influenced the changes from wild to domesticated rice mainly by continuous cultivation and selection of wild rice with mutated biological characteristics of more seeds, tough rachis, higher germination rates, etc.
Of Cereal and Civilization
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This is likely to be the null phenotype for pob3 mutants since we observed a similar accumulation of cells after germination of haploids carrying a deletion of POB3.
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Seeds of many trees (Acacia and Prosopis, for example) are "scarified" by passing through the goats 'digestive system, fostering germination and natural revegetation.
1 Microcattle
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One week after germination, plants were transferred into hydroponic conditions with Hoagland solution, and the seminal shoots were cut off.
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The spoiling of eggs is due to decomposition, which is caused by molds or bacteria that result from accidental causes, and, in fertile eggs, to the germination and development of the chick, which is a natural process.
Woman's Institute Library of Cookery Volume 2: Milk, Butter and Cheese; Eggs; Vegetables
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The potato dextrose liquor and indian jujube leaf liquor could promote conidia germination obviously.
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The numbers of explants showing germination of zygotic embryos, callus formation and somatic embryogenesis were recorded every 4 weeks.
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Seeds were imbibed under tap water for 5 h and kept at 4°C for 15 h to promote synchronized germination.
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What are the optimal temperature and light conditions for the germination of these seeds?
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No. Thanks Esperanza, the 'germination' info shows up on a lot of sites but probably just folks copying incorrect information from others.
Musical fruit
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The spore on germination forms a short filament which soon broadens out into the thalloid protonema.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria"
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Two series of experiments were conducted to determine if meditation on the water used to germinate seeds could affect their germination rate.
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Seedling germination was generally rapid in capsular-fruited species, slower in those with baccate fruits; the longest germination time after sowing was 4 months for Mouriri myrtilloides.
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Third, germination of papyrus from seed may have been hampered by residual saline porewater in littoral soils.
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Because they are the circumstances "prior to the kalpa of emptiness", they are this life of the present; because they are the self "before the germination of any subtle sign", they are liberated in their actual occurrence.
Speedlinking 9/18/07
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The objective of this study was to develop a suitable medium to improve in vitro pollen germination in pigeonpea.
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The brownseed mutants (bs, bs, and bs) of tomato all possess dark testae and deleteriously affect seed germination speed and/or final percentage.
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Other problems are relative sensitivity of young trees to fire, allergenic properties of pollen, and allelopathic effects of leaf extracts on germination of other plants (Setiadi and Samingan, 1978).
Chapter 8
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What we do press is this -- that when an authority comes forward to assure us that all the processes of life, including man's highest as well as his lowest attributes, can be explained on chemico-physical lines, we are entitled to ask for a more cogent proof of it than the demonstration, however complete, of the germination of an egg, caused by artificial stimulus and not by the ordinary method of syngamy, even though that germination may lead to the production of a perfect adult form.
Science and Morals and Other Essays
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The germination process was also quantified using an identical germination bioassay with other plant and Orobanche species.
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the germination of their discontent
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Despite the far-ranging scope of earlier work, aspects of germination and conversion physiology, and biochemistry in somatic embryos remain unexplored.
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During the early growth stages in rice, the occurrence of low-temperature stress affects seed germination and eventually leads to non-uniform crop maturation.
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The plants were thinned 10-12 days after germination to give an average of 20 plants, uniformly distributed per pot.
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Spring tillage can stimulate the germination of annual weed seeds.
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Studies of seed germination, leaf development and the onset of thermogenesis during flowering in Arum lilies all provide evidence of mitochondrial heterogeneity.
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Furthermore it would prevent the germination of seeds of species like buckbrush and manzanita.
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For instance, later germination may enhance seedling survival but decrease seed yield.
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The point is to wait until the soil is so chilled that seed cannot sprout, but stays dormant until warming soil and moisture trigger germination in spring.
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Dry soybeans are prone to have cracked seed hulls, which reduces germination.
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In contrast, such carbon sources as malate, propionate, and citrate did not activate germination.
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The micropyle is the pore through which the radicle emerges during seed germination.
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With dry soils inhibiting germination of sclerotia, and the survival of apothecia, ascospore release should have been low.
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Potato nutrient-rich, but contain solanine base, but the germination of immature potatoes and potato with a higher base-Kwai, easily poisoning after eating.
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The indices utilized here represent transformations that linearize germination data with respect to suboptimal temperature or the logarithm of thermal time.
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To examine germination in various mutant strains, conidial swelling and germ tube emergence were observed under the microscope.
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The leaves and branches of the black wattle are believed to have allelopathic properties – that is the chemical inhibition of growth and seed germination of other plants.
Invasive alien species in Africa
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Ammonium thiosulfate also is effective, but must not be placed with the seed because of the potential for seed germination damage.
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(S) Thrives in lowland tropics; seeds will usually become another atemoya but occasionally grows into one of the parents-grafting very common; germination time averages at about 4 weeks; delicious fruit.
28 additional technical notes about tropical agriculture
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The depth of seeds within the soil during the germination and emergence periods may ultimately be the factor that restricts emergence between beds.
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Of an estimated 45,000 oospores spread onto germination plates from each isolation, 500 germinated.
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Seeds with epigeal germination, for example, many legumes and cucurbits, push their cotyledons above the soil surface.
5. How plants live and grow
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Chloronemal filaments, which are produced following spore germination or tissue regeneration, only grow in the light.
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Similar proteinases catalyse the proteolytic processing of these proteins and contribute to their complete breakdown during germination and seedling growth.
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Under certain conditions single cells of the gonidia become surrounded with a dense felt of hyphæ, these accumulate in numbers below the surface of the thallus, until at last they break out, are blown or washed away, and start germination by ordinary cell division, and thus at once reproduce a fresh lichen-thallus.
Scientific American Supplement, No. 531, March 6, 1886
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The effect on seedling germination is a well-known phenomenon in allelopathy.
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The primary requirement for initiation of germination and completion of the subsequent steps is the sensing of external signals.
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Other embryos were incubated directly in the Petri dishes for germination at a range of different temperatures.
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Total DNA was prepared from leaves of barley after 7 days of germination and restricted with appropriate endonucleases.
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Tilling the soil disperses asparagus seeds and encourages quick germination.
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A laboratory study was made on seed weight, viability of seed, natural seed coat, absorption, and germination characteristics of Seriphidium(Bess.
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Plants produced smaller flowers producing less pollen and with poor germination and tube growth.
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Every bean has its black. , the ancients have in a lifetime to do evil, to face death before germination can convict, a good idea, so get a reward.
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Ammonium thiosulfate also is effective, but must not be placed with the seed because of the potential for seed germination damage.
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However, both germination and elongation are significantly inhibited by the inclusion of calcium channels blockers, including lanthanum, gadolinium, or verapamil.
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Some millet still has not been drilled because growers are waiting for a rain to have at least some soil moisture for germination and emergence.
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Seed germination is a developmental process of reactivation of metabolism to originate a new plant.
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Most studies of allelopathic effects have focused on early vegetative plant growth, i.e. seed germination, a period with high metabolic activity.
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The initial, primary rhizoid emerges from the spore during germination.
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This protein has a pectate lyase enzyme activity and could be involved in cell wall elaboration during germination and pollen tube growth.
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Some may argue that it is a waste of money because a good seedbed needs to be created for good germination.
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However, most modern dinocysts reach sediments before germination, and some of these can fossilize without excystment structure formation.
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The germination of seeds in the spring is dependent upon the variations in the amount of actinism or chemical influence of light and heat.
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Long-term germination potential; burnt land; heating; soak in running water or spread seeds in thin layers on a flat surface; water every other day and allow to dry in sun for 8 days
1.1. Forests
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His research interests lies in: 1) insect fungal pathogenesis and strain improvement by genetic modification; 2) fungal conidiation, conidial germination and dimorphism.
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As water migrates, it replenishes soil water around the seed during germination and emergence.
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Germination is a measure of the capacity of a grain kernel of producing a normal seedling.
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I suppose there are some seeds for whom germination is long and difficult," she said.
Prudence Crandall, Woman of Courage
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When dry-dormant fruits were stratified for 0-6 weeks a rise in germination potential was evident with progressive chilling.
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The cryptogamic organisms help to stabilize the soil, hold moisture, and provide protection for germination of the seeds of other plants.
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After germination, seedlings were thinned to five plants per pot.
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Germination tests were performed to evaluate the possibility of a differential decline in seed viability between the treatments.
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The spore on germination forms a short filament which soon broadens out into the thalloid protonema.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria"
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Control: Use good quality seed, free of molds and damage, that has been treated with a fungicide like Captan or Arasan (thiram) for protection during germination.
Chapter 10
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To maintain humidity during germination, I place the flat in a plastic bag, cover it with plastic food wrap or use a plastic humidity cover.
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After germination plants were potted and arranged in stands as described above.
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Similar to pollen germination, the modified bilinear function described the response of pollen tube length to temperature.
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Germination and elutriation were used to study potential weed communities of continuous dry-cropping fields to compare the difference between the two methods.
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In that research, biologically meaningful T base estimates were obtained by excluding both lower and upper tails of cumulative germination curves, as was done here.
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When the acrospire has shot but half the length of the grain, the lower part only is converted into that mellow saccharine flour we are solicitous of, whilst the other half exhibits no other signs of it than the whole kernel did at its first germination: let it advance to two thirds of the length, and the lower end will not only have increased its saccharine flavour, but will have proportionably extended its bulk, so as to have left one third part unmalted.
The American Practical Brewer and Tanner
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In germination the two fleshy cotyledons of the Gingkgo remain within the shell, leaving the three-sided plumule to pass upward; the young stem bears its leaves in threes.
Scientific American Supplement, No. 360, November 25, 1882
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The position of the particular tray on the laboratory bench had no apparent effect on germination.
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Spray to keep the medium moist until germination, but avoid overwatering to discourage fungal diseases.
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Seed germination is a developmental process of reactivation of metabolism to originate a new plant.
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In the phonological development submodel, the PDT from sowing date to germination, seedling, flowering, fruit setting and harvest were quantified as 4, 9, 45, 56 and 102 days, respectively.
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Physiological dormancy was broken by warm stratification, after which embryo growth and germination occurred in 68–73 per cent of the seeds in light.
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The cultivation of wild Osmunda japonica Thumb alone or intercropped with other crops resulted in high survival rate and germination rate of the healthy seedlings.
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But watch out for too much of a good thing: The seeds of acer rubrum do not require pregermination treatment and so can germinate immediately after ripening - even if they are only sitting in the mulch layer on the surface of the soil.
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Prior to these treatments, the grains may be subjected to a variety of other treatments, such as impregnation with various compounds, or germination.
All About Coffee
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Leaf-stem, flower, bulb of lily as donor materials, the allelopathy of lily plant every organs aqueous extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of receiver materials were studied.
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The pairings of pools sampled at days 21 and 24 after germination are represented by the loop in clockwise and anticlockwise directions, respectively.
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Protein reserves in the cereal endosperm are sequentially degraded to small peptides and amino acids during germination and these are translocated across the scutellum to support growth of the embryo.
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These activities not only disturb bees but also interfere with normal pollen production, germination, and fertilization.
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Third, germination of papyrus from seed may have been hampered by residual saline porewater in littoral soils.
