How To Use Ectoderm In A Sentence
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They are made up predominantly of ectodermal components (hair, calcifications, sebaceous material) and have a large cystic component.
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Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion.
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Structures derived from ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm are commonly represented.
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Teeth form mainly from neuroectoderm and comprise a crown of insensitive enamel surrounding sensitive dentine and a root that has no enamel covering.
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The presumptive neural tube tissues consist of a layer of ectoderm along the dorsal midline of the embryo, between the notochord and an outer layer of epidermis.
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It is involved in mesoderm development and differentiation of the neural ectoderm into epidermoblasts and neuroblasts.
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Then in front of this blastopore there arise from the ectoderm the primordia of the brain and spinal cord.
Physiology or Medicine 1935 - Presentation Speech
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Teratomas are germ cell tumors composed of various tissue elements representing more than one embryonic layer (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm).
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Similarly, when transplanted to animal locations, micromeres also clear SoxB1 protein from surrounding ectoderm cells during their respecification as endomesoderm [
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These three layers are called ectoderm, mesoderm, and entoderm from outside inwards respectively.
Physiology or Medicine 1935 - Presentation Speech
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In the chick embryo, for example, the ectoderm initially expresses L-CAM; during neural plate invagination, however, L-CAM expression is replaced by that of N-cadherin.
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In contrast to flies, which have a clearly segmented ectoderm, the mesoderm is the primary vertebrate tissue that is organized in a metameric pattern.
Nobel Lecture The Identification Of Genes Controlling Development In Flies And Fishes
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The gastrulation does not suffer any essential disturbance from this and while it goes on, the blastocoele disappears and the piece we are examining comes to lie directly under the ectoderm and there shows what it is capable of.
Hans Spemann - Nobel Lecture
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Shortly after gastrulation, lig mRNA was present in the germ band at relatively low levels; expression increased markedly from stage 9, at which neuroblasts delaminate from the ectoderm.
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Her striking appearance is the result of a rare genetic disorder condition called ectodermal dysplasia.
Times, Sunday Times
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These observations strongly suggest that Pmar1-misexpressing blastomeres respecify presumptive ectoderm as endomesoderm by activating only part of the E-EM / En-GRN, consisting of the genes encoding the core regulatory factors Z13, Eve, and FoxA.
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A mesenchymal signal triggers an ectodermal cell to proliferate and the cells grow downward to form a hair germ.
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Both the skin and the brain are derived from the same embryonic tissue, which is known as the ectoderm.
Forever Young
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Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion.
I. Embryology. 11. Development of the Fetal Membranes and Placenta
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Thus, then, the coloring matter described as chlorophyl by Lankester has really been mainly derived from that of the endodermal algæ of the variety _plumosa_, which predominates at Naples; while the anthea-green of Krukenberg must mainly consist of the green pigment of the ectoderm, since the Trieste variety evidently does not contain algæ in any great quantity.
Scientific American Supplement, No. 324, March 18, 1882
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(or subintestinal) vein, mt myotome, mm muscular mass of the provertebra, mp middle plate, ug prorenal duct, lh body-cavity, e ectoderm of the rudimentary extremities, mz mesenchymic cells, z point where the myotome and nephrotome separate.
The Evolution of Man — Volume 1
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The juvenile, which forms within the larval ectoderm, independently develops a serotonergic system.
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The outer layer, from which come the external skin and the muscles, was then called by Allman (1853) the "ectoderm" (outer layer, or skin); the inner layer, which forms the alimentary and reproductory organs, was called the "entoderm" (= inner layer).
The Evolution of Man — Volume 1
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Teratoma typically contains tissues derived from all 3 germinal layers, whereas dermoid cyst presumably originates from ectoderm and mesoderm.
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Clouston syndrome is an hidrotic form of ectodermal dysplasia, inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with high penetrance.
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In the fossils I and J, the archenteron is thick-walled, and in J all of the cells in the embryo, including the ectodermal wall, are conspicuously larger relative to the size of the embryo.
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Similar sequential and reciprocal interactions between the epithelium and mesenchyme regulate the early steps of development in all ectodermal organs.
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The vessels of the villus are surrounded by a thin layer of mesoderm consisting of gelatinous connective tissue, which is covered by two strata of ectodermal cells derived from the trophoblast: the deeper stratum, next the mesodermic tissue, represents the cytotrophoblast or layer of Langhans; the superficial, in contact with the maternal blood, the syncytiotrophoblast (Figs. 36 and 37).
I. Embryology. 11. Development of the Fetal Membranes and Placenta
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The vessels of the villus are surrounded by a thin layer of mesoderm consisting of gelatinous connective tissue, which is covered by two strata of ectodermal cells derived from the trophoblast: the deeper stratum, next the mesodermic tissue, represents the cytotrophoblast or layer of Langhans; the superficial, in contact with the maternal blood, the syncytiotrophoblast (Figs. 36 and 37).
I. Embryology. 11. Development of the Fetal Membranes and Placenta
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Thus a portion of the upper marginal zone of the blastula or early gastrula, or else a piece of the roof of the archenteron of the mature gastrula was planted in the blastocoele of a young gastrula and so brought beneath the ectoderm from the beginning; it was demonstrated that these portions were able to induce neural plate.
Hans Spemann - Nobel Lecture
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The apical ectodermal ridge consists of closely packed columnar epithelial cells, which are linked by extensive gap junctions.
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Furthermore, they suggested that such neuroendocrine carcinomas might be of endodermal rather than neuroectodermal derivation.
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At a tissue level, an adult hydra is essentially a tube composed of two tissue layers, the ectoderm and the endoderm, which extend throughout the animal.
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Using vital dyes as lineage tracers, the pattern of cleavage has been shown to be invariant but complex, particularly for the ectoderm.
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Furthermore, injections into the mesoderm or ectoderm require going through the endoderm layer.
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Ectoderm from the mesencephalon and rhombomere specifically migrates to the mandibular arch primordium, and rhombomere infiltrates the hyoid arch.
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The stem cell lines also retain the ability, throughout the culture, to differentiate into tissue-derived endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm.
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But in all other animals the ovum first grows into two primary layers, the outer or animal layer (the ectoderm, epiblast, or ectoblast), and the inner or vegetal layer (the entoderm, hypoblast, or endoblast); and from these the tissues and organs are formed.
The Evolution of Man — Volume 1
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Cell-lineage studies of ctenophores, polyclad flatworms, nemertines and acoelomorph flatworms reveal important distinctions between mesodermal cells arising from ectoderm and those from endoderm.
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Then along the line of invagination, i.e. the primitive orifice or blastopore, runs the outer layer of cells or ectoderm into the two invaginated layers, the mesoderm (originating from the marginal zone), and entoderm
Hans Spemann - Nobel Lecture
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The anthozoans are diploblastic animals developing from two epithelial germ cell layers: the ectoderm, facing the seawater, and the endoderm, facing the gastrovascular cavity or coelenteron.
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At a tissue level, an adult hydra is essentially a tube composed of two tissue layers, the ectoderm and the endoderm, which extend throughout the animal.
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The ectoderm anterior to the primitive streak forms the neural plate which is slightly indented along the midline.
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Thus a portion of the upper marginal zone of the blastula or early gastrula, or else a piece of the roof of the archenteron of the mature gastrula was planted in the blastocoele of a young gastrula and so brought beneath the ectoderm from the beginning; it was demonstrated that these portions were able to induce neural plate.
Hans Spemann - Nobel Lecture
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The somatopleure, which is close to the ectoderm, is involved in the formation of the lateral and ventral walls of the embryo.
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Foregut: extends from the mouth to the end of gizzard; its epithelium being formed from the ectodermal invagination known as the stomodaeum.
Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology
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Furthermore, the absence of engrailed expression in the onychophoran ectoderm makes more sense in the context of a skeleton bounding function rather than a general segmentation program.
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For example, development of the telencephalon can be divided into these stages: neurectoderm, neural plate, neural tube, forebrain vesicle, evaginated hemispheres, etc.
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The onset of epiboly coincides with a period of mitotic quiescence throughout the ectoderm.
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The outer layer of this ‘gastrula’ is called the ectoderm, the inner layer is the endoderm, and there are also some cells thrown into the space between the ectoderm and endoderm, which are called mesoderm.
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These basic elements he named endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy, for they seemed to derive from the three layers of the human embryo, the endoderm, the mesoderm and the ectoderm.
The Civic Platform - A Political Journal of Ideas and Analysis
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For example, chaetal sacks are one of the few ectodermal features of polychaetes that regularly express engrailed, and chaetae are the primary indurated elements in the ectoderm.
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The mesoderm then lies immediately beneath the ectoderm, with the endoderm lining the roof of the archenteron, the future gut.
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It will be interesting to see whether the mutations which delete the midline structures, the ventral portion of the neuroectoderm and head in Drosophila, such as spitz and others (75), are homologous to the fish midline genes.
Nobel Lecture The Identification Of Genes Controlling Development In Flies And Fishes
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The entoderm, which has the appearance of being thickened because of the fact that the notochord has not yet completely separated from it, is continuous, through the blastopore, with the ectoderm.
Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator
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Teeth form mainly from neuroectoderm and comprise a crown of insensitive enamel surrounding sensitive dentine and a root that has no enamel covering.
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The outer layer of this ‘gastrula’ is called the ectoderm, the inner layer is the endoderm, and there are also some cells thrown into the space between the ectoderm and endoderm, which are called mesoderm.
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Then in front of this blastopore there arise from the ectoderm the primordia of the brain and spinal cord.
Physiology or Medicine 1935 - Presentation Speech
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Thus, the expression of these two genes occurs independently in mesoderm and ectoderm without the close apposition of these two tissues that normally occurs in embryos in vivo.
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Beneath the primordial brain an invagination of the ectoderm against the entoderm is formed, later to become the mouth.
Physiology or Medicine 1935 - Presentation Speech
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The part of the cloaca from the upper wall of which it forms belongs to the proctodaeum, the ectodermic invagination of the rectum (Chapter 2.27); hence its epithelial covering can develop the same horny growths as the corneous layer of the epidermis.
The Evolution of Man — Volume 2
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The chief points in the diagnosis of the species are the muscular body-wall, the ectodermal invaginations and pits in the wall, and the regular hexamerous development of the mesenteries.
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Using Lankester's terms epiblast, hypoblast and mesoblast for the embryonic germ layers, Balfour described chick ectoderm and endoderm for the first time in English.
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Moreover, these ectopic neural tubes were patterned appropriately with respect to the notochord and dorsal ectoderm.
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The lateral mesoderm splits into two layers, an outer or somatic, which becomes applied to the inner surface of the ectoderm, and with it forms the somatopleure; and an inner or splanchnic, which adheres to the entoderm, and with it forms the splanchnopleure (Fig. 16).
I. Embryology. 5. Segmentation of the Fertilized Ovum
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The branchial arches begin as cylindrical cores of mesenchyme sandwiched between continuous sheets of epidermal ectoderm and internal endoderm.
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Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion.
I. Embryology. 11. Development of the Fetal Membranes and Placenta
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But in all other animals the ovum first grows into two primary layers, the outer or animal layer (the ectoderm, epiblast, or ectoblast), and the inner or vegetal layer (the entoderm, hypoblast, or endoblast); and from these the tissues and organs are formed.
The Evolution of Man — Volume 1
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The remaining mesodermal tissue is then consistently shown in the same orange-red ignoring the overlap with the ectodermal derivatives noted above, but only until we get out to the extraembryonic mesoderm, which shows up in yet another, lighter shade of orange.
Evolution of median fins - The Panda's Thumb
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The anthozoans are diploblastic animals developing from two epithelial germ cell layers: the ectoderm, facing the seawater, and the endoderm, facing the gastrovascular cavity or coelenteron.
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Thus, ActivinB is specifically required for Pmar1-mediated respecification of ectoderm as endomesoderm and not for micromere Delta-dependent secondary mesenchyme induction [
PLoS Biology: New Articles
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At the very early stages, the cells are lumped into 3 layers, called the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
Brain Blogger
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The entire ectoderm arises from the first, second and third micromere quartets (collectively, the 'ectoblast').
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This stage of differentiation consists in the formation of either a pouch or an additional layer between the ectoderm and the endoderm, which is called the mesoderm.
Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions
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Thus a portion of the upper marginal zone of the blastula or early gastrula, or else a piece of the roof of the archenteron of the mature gastrula was planted in the blastocoele of a young gastrula and so brought beneath the ectoderm from the beginning; it was demonstrated that these portions were able to induce neural plate.
Hans Spemann - Nobel Lecture
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As epiboly proceeds, the ectoblast cap spreads out over the macromeres until it completely encloses them; at all times, ectodermal nuclei are distributed more or less evenly throughout this superficial cell sheet.
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The anthozoans are diploblastic animals developing from two epithelial germ cell layers: the ectoderm, facing the seawater, and the endoderm, facing the gastrovascular cavity or coelenteron.
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The term iteration is used to denote processes that result in both metameric segments and repeated ectodermal skeletal structures.
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The prospective endoderm displaces the hypoblast and the mesoderm forms a layer between ectoderm and endoderm.
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The ectoderm originates as a roughly hemispherical cap of micromeres that sit atop the macromeres (top row); this cap spreads by epiboly over the four macromeres until its edges converge at the vegetal pole.
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The terms ectoderm and entoderm were introduced by Allman [330] in 1853 for the two cell-layers in the Hydrozoa.
Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology
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Teratoma typically contains tissues derived from all 3 germinal layers, whereas dermoid cyst presumably originates from ectoderm and mesoderm.
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B longitudinal section through the axis, g primitive-gut cavity, a primitive mouth-aperture, i inner cell-layer (entoderm, endoblast, gut-layer), e external cell-layer (outer germinal layer, ectoderm, ectoblast, or skin-layer).
The Evolution of Man — Volume 1
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PcaCnox1 has an expression in the larva localised at the aboral pole in both the endoderm and the ectoderm
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By the time segmentation is complete, strong mxp expression is detected in both ectoderm and mesoderm of the maxillary and labial limb buds.
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Histopathology revealed a malignant neoplasm with areas of astrocytic and primitive neuroectodermal components.
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It has been an old dream of mine to substitute for the presumptive mouth region of a newt the foreign ectoderm which comes from a frog early in gastrulation, since I wanted to find out what kind of
Hans Spemann - Nobel Lecture
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The tip of the optic stalk is a considerable distance from the surface ectoderm.
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Microglia are the smallest of the neuroglia, and, unlike the ectodermally derived macroglia (astrocytes and oligodendroglia), they are formed from the mesoderm.
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The coalescence of the neural folds occurs first in the region of the hind-brain, and from there extends forward and backward; toward the end of the third week the front opening (anterior neuropore) of the tube finally closes at the anterior end of the future brain, and forms a recess which is in contact, for a time, with the overlying ectoderm; the hinder part of the neural groove presents for a time a rhomboidal shape, and to this expanded portion the term sinus rhomboidalis has been applied (Fig. 18).
I. Embryology. 6. The Neural Groove and Tube
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The point to remember is, that in all cases a gastrula is an open sac composed of two layers of cells -- the outer layer being called the ectoderm, and the inner the endoderm.
Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions
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Clouston syndrome (or hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia) is a rare disease that affects one in 100 000 subjects.
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The tumor demonstrated predominantly mature ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal elements.
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Teeth form mainly from neuroectoderm and comprise a crown of insensitive enamel surrounding sensitive dentine and a root that has no enamel covering.
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The critical process depends upon whether the ectoderm can contact a condensate of specialized mesenchyme called the dermal papillae.
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The primordium of the central nervous system originates in the ectoderm of the dorsal surface, starting from the blastopore and coming forward as a thickened plate shaped like a shield with its anterior half broader than its posterior.
Hans Spemann - Nobel Lecture
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Vertebrates, are to be traced back to certain ectodermal pits in the diploblastic ancestor comparable to the sub-genital pits of the
Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology
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In this tissue, therefore, the fate of some of the cells has been changed from prospective gut endoderm to mesoderm and ectoderm.
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According to Haeckel, the origin of the generative products in the mesoderm is a heterotopic phenomenon, for he considers that they must have originated phylogenetically in one of the two primary layers, ectoderm or endoderm.
Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology
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Her striking appearance is the result of a rare genetic disorder condition called ectodermal dysplasia.
Times, Sunday Times
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These grow inward and eventually fuse to form the endoderm of the midgut, while ectoderm is dragged inward behind them at each end to form the foregut and the hindgut.
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Ectoderm becomes skin and nerves, endoderm becomes the gut and organs such as the liver, pancreas and thymus, and mesoderm becomes muscle, bones and blood.
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Neither ectodermal nor endodermal components were identified in the sections examined.
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The most interesting and most perplexing question is how ectodermal glands can be derived from what has been thought to be endodermal and mesodermal derivatives.
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A short distance caudad to this region the groove disappears and the pharynx is reduced to a shallow slit extending almost to the superficial ectoderm on either side; then the slit-like pharynx becomes suddenly reduced in a lateral and increased in a dorso-ventral direction, to assume the outline shown in figures 3B and
Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator
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These basic elements he named endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy, for they seemed to derive from the three layers of the human embryo, the endoderm, the mesoderm and the ectoderm.
The Civic Platform - A Political Journal of Ideas and Analysis
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The terms ectoderm and entoderm were introduced by Allman [330] in 1853 for the two cell-layers in the Hydrozoa.
Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology
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Thus, then, the coloring matter described as chlorophyl by Lankester has really been mainly derived from that of the endodermal algæ of the variety _plumosa_, which predominates at Naples; while the anthea-green of Krukenberg must mainly consist of the green pigment of the ectoderm, since the Trieste variety evidently does not contain algæ in any great quantity.
Scientific American Supplement, No. 324, March 18, 1882
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Since he had a differentiated ectoderm separate from the gut, and also had a longitudinal layer of muscle and bilateral symmetry, he probably had some degree of motility.
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The cord is covered by a layer of ectoderm which is continuous with that of the amnion, and its various constitutents are enveloped by embryonic gelatinous tissue, jelly of Wharton.
I. Embryology. 11. Development of the Fetal Membranes and Placenta
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Transverse section of a human embryo of fourteen days. mr medullary tube, ch chorda. vu umbilical vein, mt myotome, mp middle plate, ug prorenal duct, lh body-cavity, e ectoderm, bh ventral skin, hf skin-fibre layer, df gut-fibre layer.
The Evolution of Man — Volume 1
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These basic elements he named endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy, for they seemed to derive from the three layers of the human embryo, the endoderm, the mesoderm and the ectoderm.
The Civic Platform - A Political Journal of Ideas and Analysis
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We have previously obtained a clonal population of cells from human foreskin that is able to differentiate into mesodermal, ectodermal and endodermal progenies.
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Acrochordons, or skin tags, are derived from ectoderm and mesoderm and represent a hyperplastic epidermis.
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The inner layer we call the entoderm, the outer the ectoderm; and the "primitive mouth" is known as the blastopore.
The World's Greatest Books — Volume 15 — Science
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The lateral mesoderm splits into two layers, an outer or somatic, which becomes applied to the inner surface of the ectoderm, and with it forms the somatopleure; and an inner or splanchnic, which adheres to the entoderm, and with it forms the splanchnopleure (Fig. 16).
I. Embryology. 5. Segmentation of the Fertilized Ovum
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A cell mass is first produced, and the cells in this differentiate into three layers called ectoderm, entoderm and mesoderm, from which the external and internal surfaces and the enclosed tissues respectively develop, and the different organs are produced by growth of the cells of certain areas of these layers.
Disease and Its Causes
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The branchial arches begin as cylindrical cores of mesenchyme sandwiched between continuous sheets of epidermal ectoderm and internal endoderm.