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How To Use Central bank In A Sentence

  • They contended that many foreign central banks were willing to absorb all the foreign currency earned by their exporting sectors that was not willingly held by their private sector in US dollar denominated assets.
  • Finance ministers and central bankers from the G-20 advanced and developing nations are meeting in South Korea Friday and Saturday to prepare for a summit of G-20 leaders next month. Japan Calls for Currency-Market Cooperation
  • Interest rates would then rise as the central bank increased its discount rate to discourage borrowing and the demands for legal tender.
  • The central bank has put up interest rates.
  • It is found that the government bond is in low proportion. This will weaken the Central Banks currency control in depression and capital disposal.
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  • Any increase or decrease in the money stock is thus directly attributable to the activities of the central bank.
  • Working at the Australian central bank as a trainee economist. Times, Sunday Times
  • Central bank leaders from throughout Africa met in Senegal to discuss ideas about how they better integrate economies across this landmass, which is home to more countries than any other continent. West Africa's Central Bank Governor Promotes Single Currency
  • Without a developed national debt market, the central bank cannot utilize open market operation to adjust monetary supply efficiently and the fiscal policy also cannot be implemented successfully .
  • But with the U.S. Federal Reserve's recently announced avowal of easy monetary policy causing the dollar to flirt with its record low against the yen, Japan's government is turning an increasingly stern eye toward its own central bank for further monetary easing to counter the U.S. action. Pressure Mounts on BOJ to Weaken Yen After U.S. Criticism of Intervention
  • The European Central Bank refrains from meaningful credit ease as Euroland economies slide towards downturn.
  • The main central banks exploited yesterday's thin market to launch another visible assault on the dollar.
  • That would put domestic political pressure on the Bundesbank to engage in expansionary policies, and German central bankers like nothing less than expansionary monetary policy. Matthew Yglesias » Krugman on Europe
  • The Italian, widely considered the other top candidate for the job, also has a natural contingency among neighboring countries whose needs could go unfavored by a central bank in German hands. Weber
  • In the past two years all central banks had to move well beyond any single-minded focus on inflation. Times, Sunday Times
  • That is not democracy or power to the people - it is all power to an autarchy of unaccountable conservative central bankers.
  • Finance ministers and central bankers agreed to cooperate closely to sustain the strength of the pound.
  • The Central Bank is authorized to sell government bonds on the open market.
  • A central bank regulation requires that payment of business transactions in Thailand must be made in Thai baht, Mr Phaibu saidl. Bangkokpost.com : Breaking News
  • There is something in this, though central banks will argue for more transparency to reduce the risk of the recurrence of these troubles. Times, Sunday Times
  • Seldom has a central banker looked more secure in his war against marauding politicians.
  • In a separate briefing, Belarus 'Deputy Central Bank Chairman Vassily Matyushevsky said the central bank was planning a gradual devaluation of the Belarus rouble, which is managed against an undisclosed basket. The BEING HAD Times
  • The central bank no longer called the risks "appreciable," a notable change in Fed-speak, while also saying it will "act in a timely manner as needed. Chop, Chop
  • He reiterated his opposition to the creation of a central bank.
  • Central banks will be at the heart of designing that package. Times, Sunday Times
  • The central bank is likely to raise interest rates in the next two months in response to domestic inflation topping 5%.
  • The Central Bank, like many other government bodies, has suffered from a transfer of resources to private industry driven largely by salary differentials.
  • At the core of these is the economic slowdown in China, where the central bank sharply and unexpectedly devalued its currency last week. Times, Sunday Times
  • Unlike the European Central Bank, its members do not necessarily constitute a cohesive professional college.
  • It seems that the source of Herman's queasiness is rooted in concerns about the property market in Southern Europe, many having holiday homes in the Med; growing commentary on the decline of Southern Europe's economies; a growing crescendo of remarks from Southern Eurpean politicians that are perceived as threatening the independence of the European Central Bank, a sine qua non for Germans to give up the Deutschmark; and a sudden ramping up of German inflation to an official 8.1% (which, if our own experience is anything to go by significantly underplays the reality). Archive 2008-06-08
  • Interest rates can be controlled by order of the central bank.
  • Criticism is not confined to central bankers. Times, Sunday Times
  • Bemused onlookers were even more surprised when they saw central bankers dishing out free champagne and hot toddies to their shivering customers.
  • One way to dampen flows of borrowed money is to raise interest rates, which the central bank has tried.
  • Mugabe re - appointed an ally, Central Bank Governor Gideon Gono for another five - year term.
  • The central bank promised to pump more money into the system if there were any further signs of instability.
  • The smoke signals from the central bank suggest further cuts are coming.
  • Dodd proposes a consumer protection agency -- but wants it to be a part of the Federal Reserve, where it would be likely to have its sword blunted by the conventional wisdoms of central bankers and economists no doubt with Wall Street whispering in their ears. Matthew Bishop: 'The Road From Ruin': Would Dodd's Solutions Create More Useless Bureaucracy (Think Homeland Security)?
  • Finance ministers and central bankers agreed to cooperate closely to sustain the strength of the pound.
  • The special deposit includes two terms of three-months and one-year with an annual interest rate of 3.37 and 3.99 percent respectively, said the central bank.
  • The central bank's decision to sharply raise its rediscount rate is aimed at encouraging banks to hold more funds, after it said it wants to cut credit growth to less than 20% and limit money supply expansion to less than 16% this year," said an analyst with Hanoi-based Agribank. Vietnam Raises Key Interest Rates
  • Once upon a time, back in the late 1970s boom, when many of today's commentators, politicians, central bankers and trade unionists learned their economics, the economy could be allegorised as a fashionable restaurant.
  • Last week, the central bank edged up the rate on an often-watched interbank loan, the first such hike in five months. That seemed to signal concern that the economy was expanding too quickly.
  • Two-tier banking system introduced: a federal reserve comprising republican central banks, and commercial banks formed from sectoral state banks.
  • Maybe a global central bank will be necessary in future in such a financially interconnected world. Times, Sunday Times
  • Support for the safety of the banking system via a lender of last resort mechanism became the most important function of central banks in the early twentieth century.
  • Between July 1st and October 1st, the central bank printed over 2 trillion roubles.
  • ‘If the central bank cuts rates, it will help take the pressure off many companies as we try to stay afloat in this difficult time,’ he said.
  • Hence, the central bank may find that despite its attempt to inflate the economy, the money supply will start falling.
  • We need a central bank that is independent of the government.
  • The central bank shaved its benchmark repo rate by 0. 25 percentage point to 8. 75 percent.
  • If the central bank chooses to persevere in their inflation, hyperinflation will be unleashed.
  • In China, Xia Bom, an adviser to the People's Bank of China, China's central bank, did not rule out this week a one-off revaluation upward of the Chinese currency. Robert Lenzner: A Tipping Point for the Dollar and the Yuan
  • That raised some speculation that the central bank may eliminate the phrase "extended period" for the key policy rate at an earlier date, which would pave the way for interest-rate increases. Treasurys Slip on Report About Fed Rate Outlook
  • The job of the central banks is to manage demand and stabilise inflation and unemployment. Times, Sunday Times
  • The only certainty is that central banks and other decision makers appear to be increasingly united in pursuing strategies that will devalue their currencies, however diverse those strategies might be. A Search for the Least Vulnerable Currencies
  • The Central Bank is authorized to sell government bonds on the open market.
  • Moreover, with big Colombian cartels broken up and many kingpins in U.S. jails, local participation in the trade has somewhat "atomized," said Salomon Kalmanovitz, an economist and former member of the Colombian Central Bank's board of directors. Drugs Fade in Colombian Economy
  • In spite of my laudatory remarks for the governor of the Central Bank, the whole system has to change.
  • Central banks will be at the heart of designing that package. Times, Sunday Times
  • The risks stemming from the Federal Reserve's efforts to stimulate the economy through bond purchases are "humongous" and the central bank doesn't fully understand the potential effects, said Nassim Taleb, author of "The Black Swan. Fed Policymakers 'Do Not Understand Risk' Says Taleb
  • The price of this is a decline in business activity; something that does not impinge on the rarefied world of theoretical economics which central bankers live in. Times, Sunday Times
  • Of course, the money's not going back to the stock market, which spooks the central bankers.
  • All three central banks in the United States, Britain and Europe announced half-point interest rate cuts.
  • Central banks fuelled the boom in government bonds by buying trillions of dollars through QE. Times, Sunday Times
  • Oh, it's the Indian Central Bank. Our bank has correspondent relations with it .
  • Most of the newly printed money ended up offshore, in the vaults of central banks around the world that needed it for trade and energy.
  • European Central Bank talks about providing a program of so-called medium-term funding to troubled euro-zone banks continue but no new initiative is expected soon, Mr. Honohan said. Irish Recovery Modest 'at Best'
  • Central bankers are worried that there are other factors at work that could prove persistently disinflationary. Times, Sunday Times
  • Normally a central bank would "sterilize" a foreign-exchange intervention, draining from the market the currency sold in the intervention so that overall liquidity reflects the daily supply and demand of the banking system. Bank of Japan Signals Cooperation on Yen
  • The world's central banks have made clear they are on hand to inject money into the financial system at the slightest sign of any credit crunch.
  • As in the US, there is a sense that the central bank's room for manoeuvre on interest rates is narrowing.
  • The job of the central banks is to manage demand and stabilise inflation and unemployment. Times, Sunday Times
  • The central bank has used about half its foreign reserves since 2011 to prop up the pound and implemented strict restrictions on hard currency. Times, Sunday Times
  • If the price of gold marches higher, this agreement will presumably be ripped up, although a dollar crisis might make central banks think twice about switching into paper money.
  • The Central Bank intervened in the currency markets today to try to stabilize the exchange rate.
  • His apparent reluctance to consider it may be related to the dilemma a central bank faces in an age of stagflationary energy prices and tightening fiscal policy.
  • More accurate figures are being made available with improved central bank supervision of external money markets.
  • On Wednesday it lodged this sum with the Central Bank to cover repayments.
  • The rise of central banks stabilized the banking system and smoothed the growth of the money supply.
  • And the government's recent promise to give the central bank independence should buttress its authority in the markets.
  • The symmetry between the two markets breaks down because whenever the central bank intervenes, it is always in the bond market, never in the commodity market.
  • In the containment stage, central banks need to lend quickly, to avoid a liquidity crisis that will undermine sound institutions.
  • Every quarter the EU, the IMF and the European Central Bank (ECB) scrutinise Greece before releasing the next chunk of money.
  • Rates had been exceptionally low for a protracted period as the US central bank sought to reignite a very moribund domestic and international economy.
  • It has spread beyond the ability of one central bank to cure it. Times, Sunday Times
  • For example, finance ministers and central banks have a new agreement on financial oversight.
  • Of more interest to central bankers will be core inflation figures next Friday, which the institution watches closely.
  • The role of a central banker is to take away the punchbowl just as the party gets going. Times, Sunday Times
  • The so-called rediscount rate—the rate the central bank pays commercial banks on their surplus funds—has been raised to 12% from 7%, the State Bank of Vietnam said in a statement posted on its website. Vietnam Raises Key Interest Rates
  • Central banks fuelled the boom in government bonds by buying trillions of dollars through QE. Times, Sunday Times
  • The exchange said IFCI would place the shares with IDBI at par and subject to central bank approvals.
  • While other countries 'central banks have cut their interest rates to support economic growth in recent weeks, Denmark's central bank was forced to raise its key rate to 5.5% from 5% on Oct. 24 to prop up the Danish currency, the krone, which is pegged to the euro. Denmark Pushes for Vote to Adopt Euro
  • The central bank apparently decided to pre-empt the politicians, but the move has raised doubts about the true degree of its independence.
  • So from a theoretical point of view it can be argued that an independent central bank may reduce the inflationary bias of monetary policy-making.
  • The world's central banks have printed huge sums of money to buy assets to support the global economy. Times, Sunday Times
  • FRANKFURT -- The European Central Bank's meeting here Thursday in mellow Frankfurt will be overshadowed by the blur of Group of 20 protests and political faceoffs across the Channel. ECB Rate Cut Is Expected at Meeting
  • The dollar pessimists argue that the Asian central banks are already dangerously overexposed both to the dollar and to the U.S. bond market.
  • And also, on the point that the caller made about sort of the relationship between perceptions of the U.S. dollar and kind of willingness of foreign central banks to hold the dollar, and whether this is a vulnerability for the U.S., our colleague, Brad Setser, has a new Council on Foreign Relations paper about that question, which is on our website at www. cfr.org / cgs -- cgs like Center Geoeconomic Studies. CFR.org -
  • The European Central Bank's anti-inflation resolve remains firm despite recent comments by ECB President Jean-Claude Trichet signaling that an interest-rate rise is unlikely in June, Austrian central bank governor Ewald Nowotny—a top member of the ECB—said in an interview. World Watch
  • The U.S. boom has softened a bit lately, easing some of the pressure on central bankers in both countries to hurry up and raise rates.
  • Greece's top central banker called on the government to speed up efforts to close the budget gap amid growing concerns elsewhere in Europe that Athens can't pull itself out of its debt spiral.
  • And the central bankers of the world and their political henchmen are surely taking advantage of that fact.
  • FRANKFURT—Economist Jens Weidmann officially began his term as the youngest-ever president of Germany's central bank, vowing to carry on the rigorous anti-inflation philosophy of his predecessor, Axel Weber . Germany's Bundesbank Gets a New Inflation-Fighter
  • This is so because the central bank is on the long side of the bond market most of the time.
  • The central bank has put up interest rates.
  • The Russian central bank has stepped into the foreign exchange market in a bid to hold up the rouble, which is being hurt by the conflict with Georgia. Russia holding up rouble amid Georgia crisis
  • But like some of his central bank colleagues, he seems unsure whether the resulting productivity growth will be up to the supercharged standards set in the late '90s.
  • The central bank mainly through re - lending rate to control and regulation.
  • This decision is the central bank Shengxi weigh a variety of factors integrated decision-making, policy flexibility and controllability have reserved space.
  • KONSTANZ, Germany—Booming trade in this town overlooking Lake Constance on the Swiss-German border is just one of the visible effects of the Swiss franc's rise against the euro in recent months—a surge the Swiss central bank this week vowed to cap. Swiss Shoppers Flock Over Border With Strong Francs; a Deal on Soap
  • The government and central bank were in theoretical harmony.
  • DeKaser said that the economy was currently in the "Goldilocks zone - not too hot and not too cold," giving the central bank the latitude to continue hiking rates at a gradual pace.
  • It is understood the fund may be rebranded when the new division gets approval to operate from the Central Bank, a process which is expected to take around nine months.
  • It is also shown that mismeasurements in the price index may damage the credibility of a central bank, since it will be quite difficult to observe the achievement of monetary policy commitment.
  • In essence such a program involves the central bank injecting more money into the economy.
  • Predictions that property prices are set to nosedive and warnings from the Central Bank do not appear to be deterring first-time buyers around the country.
  • But it would signal a policy shift by the central bank that could crimp the economy severely later on.
  • Flopping Central banks from round the world were drafted in yesterday to stop the pound's slide.
  • Yet the German and French governments, chivvied by the European Central Bank, do not insist that Greece service its debts at all costs as a favor to the banks. Why We Aren't Bashing Banks
  • More accurate figures are being made available with improved central bank supervision of external money markets.
  • Wu previously worked at the Financial Research Institute under the central bank and now serves as an assistant researcher at the central bank's research bureau.
  • Meanwhile, the troika—the International Monetary Fund, the European Central Bank and the European Commission—trots from country to country, marveling at the accounting ingenuity of the countries that have been bailed out, tut-tutting at the failure of each to meet its targets, and recommending a heavier dose of the medicine that is enfeebling the patient. Southern Europe Could Learn From Ireland
  • The game comes complete with a single central bank, rules restricting lending competition, and the ability to inflate the currency.
  • Sometimes central banks intervene to smooth out price fluctuations.
  • Baverez also speaks of the problem of Europe's "organized deflation, which has transformed 'euroland' into a desert of unemployment and innovation," the result of Germany's original insistence that the European Central Bank be given as its sole task the prevention of inflation. What's Left of the Union?
  • Maybe a global central bank will be necessary in future in such a financially interconnected world. Times, Sunday Times
  • According to the central bank law, a member of the bank's board of governors cannot be replaced unless he or she has been proven to have committed a crime, has been incapacitated or voluntarily resigns.
  • Regulators are discredited, politicians are bickering and central banks are ineffective. Times, Sunday Times
  • Runaway inflation is usually the result of fiscal excess, financed by printing money, or rigid labour markets, which produce a wage-price spiral that the central bank fails to stop.
  • Consensus is viewed as a way of lending authority to the Fed's policy decisions and also shields the central bank from political interference by papering over ideological differences.
  • USCCC and United Central Bank co - host SBA loan seminar. Lunch will be provided to early registrations.
  • The incentive of central banks to protect the interest of creditors has been increased by the globalization of the financial markets.
  • Chairman Ben Bernanke says the Fed's independence protects the central bank from short-run political pressure. Why the Fed Is Not Independent
  • While some pundits denounce them, I believe they play a useful role, keeping politicians and central bankers honest.
  • But it has been able to cushion the impact of those forex reserves by essentially selling central bank bonds for the banks, he said.
  • The balance, excluding loans by '' shinkin '' credit banks, grew for the 35th consecutive month, the central bank said in a preliminary report. Japan Today: Japan News and Discussion
  • It's only the willingness of the foreign central banks to buy our debt that keeps us afloat.
  • Official intervention by Asian central banks has remained strong.
  • It was not until June 18th that Victor Gerashenko, the head of the Central Bank of Russia, announced his plans to make chervonets into a real currency.
  • We expect him to maintain the central bank's independence, while closely cooperating with the government" on policy, ministry spokesman Park Cheol-kyu told Dow Jones Newswires. South Korea Names Dovish Ally of President as BOK Governor
  • The most effective proven mechanism to achieve price stability is an independent central bank dedicated to that objective.
  • Of course, the other significant aspect of the Bank of Japan's volte-face on equity purchases is that it reflects yet another step in the transformation of central bankers from macro policy makers to asset managers.
  • The Russian Central Bank has been busily buying dollars, which keeps the ruble artificially low.
  • Interest rates would then rise as the central bank increased its discount rate to discourage borrowing and the demands for legal tender.
  • The central bank has pulled off one of the biggest financial rescues of recent years.
  • Now, in the restrained language of the central bank, a substantial further fall in the inflation rate would be ‘unwelcome.’
  • The Central Bank intervened in the currency markets today to try to stabilize the exchange rate.
  • Consider the view that no banking and financial system can operate effectively without a central bank. 6.
  • There will be those who say central bankers should make investors pay for their stupidity and remain aloof during periods of extreme turbulence. Times, Sunday Times
  • Nor should central banks stimulate to avoid recession at any cost.
  • Both central banks risk being seen as partial and protectionist by publicly commenting when there are still no proposals on the table. Times, Sunday Times
  • Will central banks have to change their policy settings to suit a dramatically different economic environment? Times, Sunday Times
  • In the institution of the central bank, the government has the ultimate tool to permit its profligacy to continue without check and without regard to the future.
  • Canada's central bank can only raise or lower credit rates and cash levels in strict observance of what the US central bank is doing, or else risk utter economic chaos in this country.
  • The central bank is expected to cut interest rates today for the sixth time this year in an effort to boost bank lending and spur sputtering economic growth.
  • Rising inflation could force the central bank to raise its benchmark interest rate, hampering lending activity and economic growth, and almost certainly denting purchasing power.
  • Banks in a net debit position can borrow from other banks on the interbank market, but can also seek liquidity from the central bank.
  • We have come a long way from the days when central bankers relied primarily on obfuscation and mystique.
  • The central bank says it is not committing to what it calls quantitative or credit easing, but it does point out that the economy has deteriorated much more than it previously thought. Market News
  • The central bank attributed the steady plunge of the gross national savings rate to a rapid fall of savings in the household sector.
  • A procession of central bankers and finance ministers issued soothing words, united in their confidence that the prospects for the global economy remained good.
  • The central bank missed a $27 million interest payment on an international bond that was due in July.
  • The central bank has used about half its foreign reserves since 2011 to prop up the pound and implemented strict restrictions on hard currency. Times, Sunday Times
  • In a newly designated city in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, a ceremony was held on Wednesday attended by officials from the tax office and China's central bank, the WN.com - Business News
  • Reacting to interest rate drop in Nigeria during Afripol quarterly round table conference, Mr. Vincent Ogboi, Economic and financial analyst on African affairs at Afripol organization said: "Nigeria's Central bank Governor, Sanusi Lamido's economic foresight andpolitical will to slash the Central bank to bank lending rate is refreshing and a positive development and of course a great shot in the arm for Africa's largest oil based economy. EXPERTS BACK CENTRAL BANK OF NIGERIA ON REDUCING INTEREST RATE
  • When a bubble that was too big for central bankers burst, partly due to his beloved derivatives, he was made to look foolish. Times, Sunday Times
  • A comprehensive MIS system is attachable to all of these modules, which allows both Central Bank and management reporting.
  • Spain was plunged deeper into the economic quagmire yesterday after its central bank predicted that growth would grind to a halt in the third quarter. Times, Sunday Times
  • Pakistan has been accused of economic sabotage after a surge in the amount of counterfeit currency being discovered in the vaults of India's central bank. Times, Sunday Times
  • This is done usually at the behest of central bankers who are still somewhat perplexingly attached to strong currencies at all costs.
  • He bewailed Ireland's "credit-fuelled Ponzi scheme" economy of the last decade and accused fellow economist Patrick Honohan, the central bank governor, of committing "the costliest mistake ever made by an Irish person". Barack Obama and the Queen to visit Ireland during its time of despair
  • PARIS Reuters - The European Central Bank remains divided over whether to buy Italian government bonds but even some of those who favor the move say Italy should do more to front-load austerity measures, ECB sources said Saturday. Exclusive: ECB split over whether to buy Italy bonds: sources
  • His apparent reluctance to consider it may be related to the dilemma a central bank faces in an age of stagflationary energy prices and tightening fiscal policy.
  • But Hunt said the dictation of fiscal policy was beyond the remit of central bankers and, in any case, tightening fiscal policy would not be effective in an open economy like Ireland.
  • A benign interpretation is that financial markets now have unbounded faith in central bankers to keep inflation down in the longer term.
  • That is not democracy or power to the people - it is all power to an autarchy of unaccountable conservative central bankers.
  • Central banks that have acquiesced in, or abetted, high inflation are practicing a form of financial corruption that eventually leads to financial ruin.
  • African finance ministers and central bank governors have concluded a two-day meeting in Lilongwe that focused on ways to soften the effects of global economic shocks on Africa.
  • Central banks last night said that they were ready to offer liquidity when markets open today.
  • To limit these risks, the central bank wishes to supervise and regulate the participants of the payments system.
  • The euro, meanwhile, seesawed in a range against the U.S. dollar, as investors wavered between euro-zone sovereign-debt worries and the prospect that the European Central Bank could raise interest rates as early as April. Swiss Franc Advances on Rivals
  • If the battle against inflation is primary, central bankers will be described as the most important economic players in the game.
  • The peg will limit the powers of the central banks.
  • The meeting comes as the Bernanke waits for what promises to be a contentious vote in the Senate on his nomination to another term running the U.S. central bank for another four years. Market News
  • In a state paper money system, the banking system is de-facto cartelized and the banks' funding conditions and certain interest rates are determined administratively by a state agency—the central bank. Forty Years of Paper Money
  • When a bubble that was too big for central bankers burst, partly due to his beloved derivatives, he was made to look foolish. Times, Sunday Times
  • The central bank used a power described section 13 of the Federal Reserve Act.
  • And the central bank collects a premium for selling the option, which helps to offset the costs of intervention.
  • Central banks also manage liquidity in order to smooth out volatility in the money market interest rates.
  • She claimed that unconventional actions by central banks worldwide risked worsening the global economic crisis. Times, Sunday Times
  • The bank is more concerned with liquidity than profitability, so that its central bank clients can withdraw funds without publicity at a moment's notice.
  • Meanwhile, the world's central bankers have been trained to focus exclusively on inflation.
  • Will central banks have to change their policy settings to suit a dramatically different economic environment? Times, Sunday Times
  • Gold disgorged by central banks is quickly absorbed by private monetary demand.
  • Central bankers are especially worried about the contagion effect. Times, Sunday Times
  • The chairman of the party's financial committee always held the governorship of the Central Bank.
  • They also amalgamate our nations into greater groupings, each with its Rothschild controlled 'Central Bank', for their easier management - by them, of course, rather than by the rightful inhabitants of the various subservient countries, and raise - 'harmonize' - all our price levels. Permit you to do WHAT? - Absolutely not!
  • While the rial has been falling for almost a year, the latest drop appeared to be triggered by a recent U.S. announcement that it would penalize companies that do business with Iran's Central Bank, and a proposed plan to ban Iranian oil purchases in the European Union later this year. Iran Cracks Down on Dollar Trades
  • But, once the government takes over from the free market as musical director - and certainly after it appoints the central bank to conduct the orchestra - things are never quite so euphonious.

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