How To Use Cell death In A Sentence
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We've isolated a number of molecules now that are known to cause cell death in other cell systems.
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I highly recommend this book for all who have an interest in plant biology and programmed cell death in general.
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If the mutation occurs in a somatic cell, it can cause altered cell growth (e.g., cancer) or cell death (e.g., teratogenesis) in the exposed person.
Toxicity
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It is our view that the cell death and syncytia formation observed following infection of INr treated cells results from numerous integration events observed in these cells.
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This finding indicates an alternative mechanism cell death that can also explain cancer regression.
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As the disease progresses, necrosis and liver cell death may lead to fibrosis.
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Plants also undergo programmed cell death in a variety of situations.
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When they wheel and dance like miniature starlings, the consequence is that three-dimensional shapes are formed, as tissues invaginate in response to the movements of cells;* or swell or shrink due to local patterns of growth and cell death.
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Aerenchyma is formed by cell separation or selective cell death and disintegration.
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However, proteins called neurotrophic factors can activate nerve cells 'natural growth abilities, perhaps preventing cell death.
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In maize, in particular, cell death events are known to occur throughout normal development both in the sporophyte and in the gametophyte.
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This cell death contributes to the memory lapses and confusion seen in the patients.
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To discover the mechanism that drives ganglioside-mediated protection from a-synuclein-caused cell death, Wei et al treated cells with a molecule that disrupts the function of lysosomes, cell components responsible for digesting unneeded and excess material in cells.
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Gross chromosomal disturbance would certainly seem likely to cause either cell death or conversion to a cancerous state.
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This in vitro test program will continue over the next few weeks with additional analysis of GAP-107B8's mechanism on autophagic cell death, cell cycle effects in order to elucidate additional mechanism of action information, and testing of the drug against normal, non-cancer cells in order to continue to establish the safety profile of the drug.
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Interestingly, rapamycin did not prevent cell death induced by DNA damaging agents such as etoposide and UV.
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Uptake of bacteria induces a form of PMN cell death termed phagocytosis-induced cell death (PICD) that is dependent upon ROS production and is important for resolution of infection and inflammation
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We have to resort to the language of purpose and intention to explain programmed cell death.
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This stage is usually considered to be a characteristic of fresh, or cryopreserved tissues, because other processing methods (fresh-frozen or freeze-dried) are considered to have already caused cell death in donor tissues.
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Gemin X is developing first-in-class cancer therapeutics based on reinitiating programmed forms of cell death, including apoptotic and autophagic cell death, and based on the inhibition of metabolism in cancerous cells.
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In animal cells, a variety of key events in cell death focus on mitochondria.
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They activate mature osteoclasts indirectly through osteoblasts, inhibit osteoclast cell death, and stimulate osteoclast progenitor formation.
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Radiobiologists often distinguish between radiation-induced cell death with regard to the ability to enter mitosis, i.e. interphase or mitotic cell death.
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Objective To study the protective effects of Schwann cell derived neurotrophic factor (SDNF) on motoneurons of spinal anterior horn from spinal root avulsion induced cell death.
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That process is called senescence—when the cells stop dividing permanently, or they undergo apoptosis the cell death we described earlier in the book, in which they’re broken up and reabsorbed.
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Programmed cell death also takes place in the cortex of adventitious roots to form aerenchyma.
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This gene, when mutated, severely disrupts both germ cell migration and developmental cell death.
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Many of the treatments focus on promoting cell growth and stopping cell death.
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Tyrosine kinases associated with cyclins have also been shown to be affected by vitamin K, which can lead to cell cycle arrest and cell death.
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We expected the tumor cells to undergo programmed cell death, or apoptosis.
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One of the menaquinone forms of vitamin K (MK-4, also called menatetrenone) has repeatedly been show to block formation of too many osteoclasts and perhaps also to initiate their programmed cell death (a process called apoptosis).
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Details of endosperm mobilization and aleurone cell death were first described in the nineteenth century by Haberlandt.
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We show that zTERT knockdown causes hypochromic anemia at the onset of circulation, and that this is accompanied by the impaired differentiation of blood cells and their eventual apoptotic cell death leading to a severe reduction of hematopoietic cells ( 'pancytopenia'), during embryogenesis.
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Tissue homeostasis depends not only on the rate of cell proliferation, but also on the rate of cell death.
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In a study published online today (Thursday 11 June) in the newly launched Journal of Molecular Cell Biology [1] Chinese researchers discovered that a class of nanoparticles being widely developed in medicine - ployamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAMs) - cause lung damage by triggering a type of programmed cell death known as autophagic cell death.
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Neurological deterioration, reflecting cell death in the brain's striatum, typically continues for 15 to 20 years.
The Scientist
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Furthermore, endogenous toxin formation in the brain leads to a variety of processes that initiate nigral cell death in Parkinson's disease.
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Data presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research in Denver has demonstrated that NV-128, a Novogen, Limited (ASX: NRT) (NASDAQ: NVGN) synthetic isoflavonoid compound, not only induces cell death in Ovarian Cancer
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Radioiodine can cause significant apoptosis and mitotic cell death in the thyroid tissue.
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For example, a severe sunburn with peeling skin shows p53 in action causing programmed cell death of the skin.
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The present work presents a mechanism leading to cell death, necrosis at the tissue level.
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Those studies found that the protein encoded by the Ciona AOX gene made its way to mitochondria, where it conferred cyanide-resistant respiration and protected against metabolic acidosis, oxidative stress, and cell death when cells were treated with OXPHOS inhibitors such as antimycin or cyanide.
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Furthermore, Nullbasic-expressing cells were protected against HIV-1-induced syncytia formation and cell death, indicating that Nullbasic expression protected cells against a spreading infection.
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Several lines of evidence previously implied that oxidative damage to lipid membranes could disrupt normal neuronal and glial cell functioning, leading to the formation of amyloid plaques and to neuronal cell death.
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After discharges, seizure activity could act as a stimulus producing cell death in the hippocampus.
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Nodule cortex cells that contain ineffective bacteroids might undergo programmed cell death, although we are unaware of any evidence suggesting that such mechanisms exist.
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Ultimately, in the third stage, this process becomes irreversible and leads to cell death.
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A significant decrease in cell death was achieved through the depletion of oxygen.
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Taken together, these results show that thiram induces GSH depletion, leading to oxidative stress and finally cell death by apoptosis.
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She thought of how the word apoptosis meaning “cell death,” came from the Greek word for “falling leaves.”
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The early stages of metamorphosis are characterized by programmed cell death and histolysis of most larval tissues.
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For example, programmed cell death in isolated rat hepatocytes has been implicated in the hepatitis induced by a herbal medicine containing diterpinoids from germander.
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The mechanism of nerve cell death following intracerebral hemorrhage ( ICH ) is complex.
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The terms senescence and programmed cell death have led to some confusion.
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Between 0.3 and 1.8 percent of people who contract HAV develop fulminant hepatitis, a severe form of hepatitis with rapid liver cell death and liver failure.
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It is a cytostatic drug that stops cell division very early in the cell cycle without causing cell death.
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Normally, the cells in a tissue have a balanced cycle of cell division, cell maturation, and cell death.
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This involves gene transfer of an enzyme into tumour cells, which converts an inactive prodrug into a toxic metabolite, leading to cell death.
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Some diseases, like cancer and certain autoimmune conditions, are characterized by a reduction in cell death, leading to the survival of cells normally destined to die.
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Tumor cell death caused by radiation can induce DC-mediated cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses and long-term antitumor immunity [
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Exposure to a metabolite of the environmental toxicant trichloroethylene attenuates CD4+ T cell activation-induced cell death by metalloproteinase-dependent FasL shedding.
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In cell culture studies, curcumin supressed preadipocyte differentiation, promoted adipocyte apoptosis (programmed cell death) and inhibited growth of adipokine-stimulated angiogenesis.
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Aging is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, with a disruption in energy production that eventually leads to cell death by apoptosis.
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Autophagy is commonly observed in metazoan organisms during programmed cell death (PCD), but its function in dying cells has been unclear.
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(†) indicate observations of syncytia and cell death in the MAGI and MAGI/EGFP cell lines at 9 days post-infection.
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Both are presumed to be consequences of cell death, and the subsequent leakage of cell contents into the extracellular space.
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It is noted that this heat treatment resulted in only minimal cell death.
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In many cases the plant exhibits symptoms similar to those seen during leaf senescence before cell death occurs.
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The main common defence reaction is the hypersensitive response, characterized by the induction of rapid cell death at the site of the attempted attack by either an avirulent strain of a pathogen or a non-pathogen.
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Two approaches for how to prevent nerve cell death have just been reported.
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One of the menaquinone forms of vitamin K (MK-4, also called menatetrenone) has repeatedly been show to block formation of too many osteoclasts and perhaps also to initiate their programmed cell death (a process called apoptosis).
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Malignant cells incubated with nanoshells and exposed to the light source showed signs of irreversible heat damage and cell death, but control cells were left undamaged.
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Normally occurring embryonic cell death is not present in wild-type blastoderm stage embryos.
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In the human foetus, the interdigital mesoderm, initially formed between fingers and toes, is removed by programmed cell death.
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It's not a huge stretch to think that if salicylate induces programmed cell death in plants to kill infected cells, maybe it's doing similar things in the animal kingdom to enhance the death of aberrant cells causing cancer," said Prof Burn.
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On the other hand, mercury, arachidonic acid (an inflammatory omega-6 fat from dietary sources like meat and dairy), cortisol (the stress hormone), and homocysteine (because of a lack of folate, B6, or B12) all overexcite the NMDA receptor, leading to cell death.
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These findings raised the possibility that the mutant Ant may form an unselective channel that causes mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death.
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They have discovered that the novel effect of caspase 3 in stem cells is related to its ability to activate another protein that cuts up the cell's DNA (called caspase-activated DNase) and has also traditionally been associated with programmed cell death.
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Regions within diseased brains have a characteristic porous and spongy appearance, evidence of extensive nerve cell death, and affected individuals exhibit neurological symptoms including impaired muscle control, loss of mental acuity, memory loss and insomnia.
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In contrast, a greater than two-log reduction in virus production was observed in the MAGI/Nullbasic-EGFP cell line, with no syncytia formation or cell death being apparent even at the end of the experiment.
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This stabilization leads to mutations and eventually to cell death.
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It's a curious thing that programmed cell death is an absolutely essential part of development.
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If you have too much cell death at the wrong time, then that results in disturbed brain development.
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Although the limb bud begins to develop in some legless species, cell death in the apical ridge starts at an early stage, followed by death of the cells in the bud itself, which generally results in the absence of limbs.
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On the other hand it is often difficult to tell whether the chemical and structural changes observed during the various types of cell death are pre- or post-mortem events.
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These cell lines cannot be introduced for routine isolation of the virus as the method of cell propagation is very difficult and neither cytopathic effects nor cell death can be observed.
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A rapid increase in virus production in both the parental MAGI and MAGI/EGFP cell lines was seen over the first 9 days before syncytia formation and cell death were observed (
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If an impact is too rapid, and acclimation on the level of gene expression cannot occur, cellular damage and cell death are initiated.
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Among the prime cellular targets of mercury are mitochondria, and thimerosal-induced cell death has been associated with the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane, according to the International Journal of Molecular Medicine among several others.
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More specifically, research showed gamma-tocopherol, especially in combination with other forms of vitamin E such as delta-tocopherol, prompted cell death in prostate cancer cells, while alpha-tocopherol alone did not have this impact.
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The decrease in the stimulation degree observed at longer times with INr-2 probably results from an increase in cell death and syncytia formation induced by the combination of the peptide and the virus (not shown).
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The oxidative stress caused by ozone may serve as the initial signal for programmed cell death and a hypersensitive response.
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For example, a severe sunburn with peeling skin shows p53 in action causing programmed cell death of the skin.
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Like a sculptor shaving off bits of marble to shape a statue, organisms use cell death to shape developing organs, including the brain.
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Nectrotrophic pathogens commonly produce phytotoxins that are essential for pathogenicity and cause plant cell death.
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And the most fascinating thing that I learned that I really want everybody to understand is that there are some anti-cancer properties to cannabis, that it can trigger the cell death of cancer cells while leaving normal cells intact, and it can decrease what's called angiogenesis, which is you know, when a tumor is growing, it sends out these chemicals telling the blood vessels, you know, we need more blood here.
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Reactive oxygen species are generated under various biotic and abiotic stresses, and trigger cell death.
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Over time, cell death has been linked to decreased heart function or heart failure.
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Drugs inhibiting the enzyme would prevent cell death, the goal in treating stroke and neurodegenerative diseases.
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The NYU researchers screened a library of 2,000 well-known drugs and identified members of the benzimidazole family for their ability to inhibit melanoma growth and induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) of malignant melanoma cells without affecting normal melanocytes (pigment-producing cells).
Mebendazol: A novel drug to be studied for metastatic Melanoma
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In a study published online today (Thursday 11 June) in the newly launched Journal of Molecular Cell Biology [1] Chinese researchers discovered that a class of nanoparticles being widely developed in medicine - ployamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAMs) - cause lung damage by triggering a type of programmed cell death known as autophagic cell death.
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These cells then enter a non-dividing state, termed senescence, which can lead to irreversible cell death.
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Programmed cell death by apoptosis plays a key role in molding the form of chick and mammalian limbs, especially the digits.
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They have discovered that the novel effect of caspase 3 in stem cells is related to its ability to activate another protein that cuts up the cell's DNA (called caspase-activated DNase) and has also traditionally been associated with programmed cell death.
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Liver failure occurs when the extent of hepatocyte (liver cells) death exceeds the liver's regenerating capacity and recent findings have shown that Tβ4 regulates certain molecules that play a role in preventing hepatic cell death and promoting hepatic regeneration.
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This occurred through different pathways and caused different modes of cell death.
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There is, however, growing evidence that specific proteases may also act as mediators of signal transduction or effectors of programmed cell death during plant senescence.
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In the human foetus, the interdigital mesoderm initially formed between fingers and toes is removed by programmed cell death.
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Jiang’s group found that the PAMAMs cause lung damage by triggering a programmed cell death known as autophagia.
How Nanotechnology May Be Damaging Our Lungs | Impact Lab
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Although autophagy is antiapoptotic, increased numbers of autophagosomes have been associated with forms of non-apoptotic cell death.
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Programmed cell death occurs in most, if not all life forms.
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The result is premature apoptosis (programmed cell death) of progenitors and failure of stem cells to mature and differentiate.
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The role of two cysteine proteases; caspase and calpain has been highly implicated in programmed cell death in many cell systems
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Da Silva AP, Pollett A, Rittling SR, Denhardt DT, Sodek J, et al. (2006) Exacerbated tissue destruction in DSS-induced acute colitis of OPN-null mice is associated with downregulation of TNF-alpha expression and non-programmed cell death.
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For microscopic analysis of induced cell death and fungal development, Trypan Blue staining was performed on individual leaves.
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Inhibition of cdk5 or calpain activity reduces cell death in A beta-treated cortical neurons.
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On the other hand it is often difficult to tell whether the chemical and structural changes observed during the various types of cell death are pre- or post-mortem events.