How To Use Carbon atom In A Sentence
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Zinc atoms have a looser hold on their electrons than carbon atoms do.
The Harper Dictionary of Science in Everyday Language
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AGB stars in which the abundance of carbon atoms exceeds that of oxygen atoms have chemistries dominated by carbon and are known as carbon stars.
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The pentose sugars, whose molecules contain only five carbon atoms instead of six, caramelize very well.
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Rubber gum is made up mostly of a hydrocarbon polymer called polyisoprene, the chains of which are composed only of interlinked carbon atoms with some hydrogen atoms attached.
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Many materials scientists predict that the tiny, hollow cylinders of carbon atoms known as carbon nanotubes will eventually lead to a new generation of supersmall transistors.
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It was there I got my introduction to optical isomerism and the tetrahedral carbon atom.
William S. Knowles - Autobiography
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A trivalent carbon atom and a divalent hydrogen atom: who changed the rules without warning me?
[eyewatch 1227] how stupid are people these days
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They used energetic particles in a plasma to knock, or sputter, carbon atoms from a graphite surface, forming a carbon vapor.
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When assigning priority to groups, atoms that are directly bonded to the carbon atom have their priority based upon their atomic number.
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Following these discoveries Ruzicka and his co-workers were able to prepare the whole series of alicyclic ketones with 9 to over 30 carbon atoms as ring members, compounds that had previously been believed to be incapable to existence.
Leopold Ruzicka - Biography
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The carbon atoms are covalently bonded and surrounded by hydrogen atoms.
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The team studied both the electrical and structural properties of graphane and concluded that each carbon atom is bonded with one hydrogen atom.
Physicsworld.com: all content
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The hydrogen-to-carbon atom ratio is perhaps a better index.
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The long, very narrow, hollow cylinders of carbon atoms built like a rolled up honeycomb have attracted researchers in several fields because of their unique chemical and physical properties.
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It was a shape which inspired all sorts of philosophical and scientific speculations (Kepler's cosmography, the carbon atom, Buckminster Fuller's geodesic structures ...), and the art department constructed models of various sizes which were set in African and lunar landscapes.
Tin
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Any molecule with this group attached to a carbon atom is called an alcohol.
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The majority of natural lipids contain an even number of carbon atoms.
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Researchers picked fullerenes, molecules composed of 60 carbon atoms, as their model carbon-based nanomaterial.
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Natural proteins are made up of alpha-amino acids, which have a carboxyl group and an amino group separated by one carbon atom.
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It consists of a chain of carbon atoms, with one hydrogen atom attached to each carbon.
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A nanowire is a solid tube that can be as thin as the width of a single carbon atom.
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Most organic molecules consist of a kind of basic structure of carbon atoms to which small clusters of other atoms are attached.
The Antioxidant Health Plan
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Smalley was the recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in chemistry for the discovery of closed, hollow cages of carbon atoms known as buckyballs.
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In this group of ions the carbon atom is surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a planar triangle.
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If the hydroxyl group is bound to a carbon atom that is itself bound to three other carbon atoms then the resultant alcohol is a tertiary alcohol.
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The Vanderbilt team had the additional idea of not only attaching a nitrogen atom to the ring but substituting a nitrogen atom for one of the carbon atoms in the benzene ring itself.
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At the second and third carbon atoms, instead of a full complement of hydrogens, each carbon atom would have a methyl group substituting one of the carbons.
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The sugars glucose, galactose, and fructose all have six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms.
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It usually achieves its valence shell octet of electrons by 'covalent' bonding, sharing electrons with other atoms, often with one or more other carbon atoms and one or more atoms of different elements also behaving as if they wanted to fill their own valence shells.
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In this group of ions the carbon atom is surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a planar triangle.
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Most organic molecules consist of a kind of basic structure of carbon atoms to which small clusters of other atoms are attached.
The Antioxidant Health Plan
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Zinc atoms have a looser hold on their electrons than carbon atoms do.
The Harper Dictionary of Science in Everyday Language
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The reaction is started by an initiator, usually a free radical R, that bonds to one of the carbon atoms of ethylene.
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How many carbon atoms are there per molecule?
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The term methyl group refers to a chemical structure with only one carbon atom and three hydrogen atoms, and the term methylated means that a substance has at least one methyl group.
The World's Healthiest Foods
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Scientists came up with the name because the compounds have many carbon atoms bonded to hydroxide groups.
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And if - the surface carbon atoms are what we called dangling bonds, and they're very reactive.
Happy Birthday, Buckyballs!
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Compounds in which two hydroxyl groups are attached to the same carbon atom (geminal diols) normally cannot be isolated.
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In elimination, two groups on adjacent carbon atoms are lost and an olefine (alkene) is formed.
Press Release: The 1994 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
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The compounds are furans, thiophenes and pyrroles substituted by two aryl groups and an aliphatic acid group containing from two to six carbon atoms or a derivative thereof.
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For example, if the longest chain were found to be five carbon atoms, then the compound would be identified as a substituted pentane.
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Heat-treatment of steel involves the change of austenite, a face-centred cubic iron lattice containing carbon atoms in the interstices, into a body-centred cubic ferrite with a low solubility for carbon.
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For instance, if you assemble carbon atoms so that each one bonds to four others in a tetrahedral pattern, you end up with diamond.
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Examples of straight-chain molecules are methane, ethane, propane, and butane (gases containing from one to four carbon atoms), and pentane and hexane (liquids with five to six carbon atoms).
Hydrocarbon chemistry
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This stereochemical concept rests on the original suggestion by van't Hoff of the tetrahedral arrangement of the four valences of the carbon atom (see Section 2), and most organic molecules exist in two or more stable conformations.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry: The Development of Modern Chemistry
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The most famous is buckminsterfullerene, discovered in 1985, which is made up of 60 carbon atoms arranged in 12 pentagonal rings and 20 hexagonal rings.
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In diamonds, the carbon atoms are packed in a tetrahedral pattern which is extremely stable.
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Like fructose, it is a six-carbon atom sugar, or a hexose.
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Fatty acids that contain double bonds between carbon atoms in their chain are termed unsaturated fatty acids.
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In the methane molecule CH 4, for instance, the carbon atom is located at the center of a tetrahedron with the four hydrogen atoms located at the four apexes of the tetrahedron.
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The hydrogen-to-carbon atom ratio is perhaps a better index.
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In graphite sheets, carbon atoms bond together in rings.
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Each of the carbon atoms is capable of holding on to four additional atoms.
The Beat Fatigue Workbook - how to identify the causes
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These previously unknown soccer-ball-shaped molecules of 60 carbon atoms, and their "buckytube" cousins, promise to revolutionize materials science, producing structures 100 times stronger than steel but with only one sixth the weight.
Uncovering Secrets, Big And Small
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The intermediate chemical is a "silane," a molecule that has silicon and alkanes (chains of carbon atoms).
Original Signal - Transmitting Gadgets
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The two substances differ from each other only in the geometric pattern with which the carbon atoms are packed.
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The first four alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl, with the number of carbon atoms being one, two, three, and four respectively.
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In graphite sheets, carbon atoms bond together in rings.
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In the alpha amino acids, the amino and carboxylate groups are attached to the same carbon atom, which is called the αcarbon.
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Research has since shown that laser vaporization of graphite produces clusters of carbon atoms whose sizes range from two to thousands of atoms.
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The University of Utah's Genetic Science Learning Center created this zoomable window that compares the size of a coffee bean with smaller things like a grain of salt, a paramecium, a red blood cell, a human egg, a glucose molecule, and so on, all the way down to a carbon atom.
How the DC snipers hacked an ex-police car to make a killing machine - Boing Boing
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The two substances differ from each other only in the geometric pattern with which the carbon atoms are packed.
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Another group discussed comprises carbanionic synthons in which the carbon atom carries a singly bonded heteratom.
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Carbon atoms can form bonds not only with themselves but with the atoms of important atmospheric gases, oxygen and nitrogen.
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He also proved that diamond and charcoal both consist of carbon atoms, so are chemically identical.
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Glycerol is a polyhydroxy alcohol containing three carbon atoms and three hydroxyl groups.
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This stereochemical concept rests on the original suggestion by van't Hoff of the tetrahedral arrangement of the four valences of the carbon atom (see Section 2), and most organic molecules exist in two or more stable conformations.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry: The Development of Modern Chemistry
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Buckyballs, of buckminsterfullerene, are soccer-ball-shaped assemblages of 60 carbon atoms.
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Or propanol, which has 3 carbon atoms to methanol's one and will thus take a car further down the road (not that drag racers care about mileage).
Autoblog Green
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Zinc atoms have a looser hold on their electrons than carbon atoms do.
The Harper Dictionary of Science in Everyday Language
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Any molecule with this group attached to a carbon atom is called an alcohol.
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It was discovered that the haemin molecule can be converted by certain chemical procedures into iron-free substances, called porphyrins, and that the porphyrins can be broken down, by other procedures, into pyrrole derivatives, i.e. into compounds containing four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom in a closed ring.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1930 - Presentation Speech
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Although the citation on van 't Hoff's award acknowledges him for "the extraordinary services he rendered by the discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions", van 't Hoff is actually best remembered for his postulation that the carbon atom in organic compounds has
K. Barry Sharpless - Banquet Speech
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In such compounds a metal ion is bound not to a single carbon atom but is "sandwiched" between two aromatic organic molecules.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry: The Development of Modern Chemistry
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One striking general conclusion is, however, established, and that is that the structural properties of cellulose are but little affected by esterification and appear therefore to be a function of the special arrangement of the carbon atoms, i.e. of the molecular constitution.
Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900
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This enzyme hydrolyzes fatty acids from carbon atoms 1 or 3 of triacylglycerols.
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Researchers picked fullerenes, molecules composed of 60 carbon atoms, as their model carbon-based nanomaterial.
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Not just any carbon molecule, but a "buckyball" -- 60 carbon atoms arranged in the shape of a soccer ball, with the same structure as the geodesic dome popularized by Buckminster Fuller.
Get Ready For Nanotechnology
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In the case of aldehydes and ketones containing carbonyl groups, the highly nucleophilic Grignard reagent contributes its electron pair to form a bond with the carbon atom.
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They key to the parent was the longest chain of carbon atoms.
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A molecule of carbon dioxide has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
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For example, 10 carbon atoms can be arranged into two conjoined hexagons, each hexagon sharing two carbon atoms with the other.
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Sitting at the centre of this molecule chain is a string of carbon atoms.
Fats, Nutrition and Health
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And this is where the name carbohydrate comes from - "carbo" represents the carbon atoms, while the oxygen and hydrogen atoms represent water, or "hydrates".
The Seattle Times
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Then any additional carbon atoms forming the skeleton were added and finally the functional group.
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Natural proteins are made up of alpha-amino acids, which have a carboxyl group and an amino group separated by one carbon atom.
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The skeleton on which the structure of life is built is made of carbon atoms.
The Family Nutrition Workbook
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Lowell Gilbert @ 13, kid bitzer @ 15 -- Remember that the tetrahedral shape is that of the four bonds of the carbon atom; the implied tetrahedra are connected tip-to-tip, not solidly packed.
Making Light: The tastemakers of tomorrow
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Sitting at the centre of this molecule chain is a string of carbon atoms.
Fats, Nutrition and Health
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But the other two carbon atoms are also double-bonded to each other, which results in conjugation of the electron density in the bonds.
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The leak-free transistor is made from a "nano-ribbon" of graphene less than 10 nanometres wide and just a single carbon atom thick (0.1 nm).
Atom-Thick Carbon Transistor May Replace Silicon | Impact Lab
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As tartaric acid possesses two stereogenic carbon atoms, it exists in three stereoisomeric forms.
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It has an asymmetric carbon atom and therefore has levo and dextro isomers but is supplied as a racemic mixture for anesthetic use.
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In molecules with conjugated bonds, saturated bonds (carbon atoms with four attached atoms) alternate with unsaturated bonds (carbon atoms with less then four attached atoms.)
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Carbon atoms have four outermost electrons and need eight to be more stable.
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n. - art of calculating, especially in Arabic numeration; arithmetic. algorismic, alias adj. - otherwise called; n. assumed name. alicyclic adj. - denoting organic compounds that are both aliphatic and cyclic, i.e. aliphatic in chemical behaviour but having their carbon atoms in a ring.
Xml's Blinklist.com
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In one version, Alexander used what he describes as a tribal drum beat to represent the rotation of the sun, and he layered the voice of a singer (his sister) to represent the charge state of carbon atoms, for example.
Domain-b Brand Dossier
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Starting from a specific temperature, carbon atoms migrate to the surface and form a monoatomic layer on the - still solid - silicon carbide.
EurekAlert! - Breaking News
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As early as 1991 Japanese researchers discovered that carbon atoms can form tiny tubes whose walls are just one atom thick.
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Until now, molecules with fewer than 60 carbon atoms have only been made in the gaseous phase.
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This leaves one electron on each carbon atom unaccounted for.
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This stereochemical concept rests on the original suggestion by van't Hoff of the tetrahedral arrangement of the four valences of the carbon atom (see Section 2), and most organic molecules exist in two or more stable conformations.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry: The Development of Modern Chemistry
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In the methane molecule CH 4, for instance, the carbon atom is located at the center of a tetrahedron with the four hydrogen atoms located at the four apexes of the tetrahedron.
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In the case of hydrocarbons, delocalisation occurs in Benzene rings, where a hexagon of six carbon atoms has delocalised electrons spread over the whole ring.
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A hexagonal close-packed model for graphite particle was developed. The fraction of carbon atoms on the surface and edge was derived in expression of crystallographic parameters and particle size.
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To understand how the carbon atoms in buckminsterfullerene are connected to each other, we need only recall the pattern on the surface of a soccer ball, or European football.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996 - Presentation Speech
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A diamond is a special kind of covalent network solid, because it consists entirely of covalently bonded carbon atoms.
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Carbon atoms can form bonds not only with themselves but with the atoms of important atmospheric gases, oxygen and nitrogen.
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His research group has managed to fire a fullerene molecule, which contains sixty carbon atoms, through two separate apertures at once, demonstrating quantum superposition at a surprisingly large scale.
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Carbon nanotubes are cylinders made from rings of carbon atoms that would be used as the channel between where the power enters and flows out of a transistor.
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Iijima was investigating a technique used to make carbon molecules called fullerenes, in which dozens of carbon atoms are joined together in hollow cages.
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It was discovered that the haemin molecule can be converted by certain chemical procedures into iron-free substances, called porphyrins, and that the porphyrins can be broken down, by other procedures, into pyrrole derivatives, i.e. into compounds containing four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom in a closed ring.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1930 - Presentation Speech
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The skeleton on which the structure of life is built is made of carbon atoms.
The Family Nutrition Workbook
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Most organic molecules consist of a kind of basic structure of carbon atoms to which small clusters of other atoms are attached.
The Antioxidant Health Plan
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The three shared pairs of electrons between the two carbon atoms create a triple covalent bond.
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Phenols are a subgroup of alcohol in which the hydroxyl groups are attached directly to the carbon atoms of a ring structure.
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This is illustrated in Figure 4. 2 which shows the hydrogen-to-carbon atom ratio of various hydrocarbon.
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In 1857, he suggested that the carbon atom was tetravalent, that is, it could bond with four other atoms.
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Many biologically important organic compounds (sugars and amino acids) possess at least one asymmetric carbon atom and therefore occur in two isomeric forms for the amino acid molecule.
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The term saturated means that the carbon atoms in a chain hold as many hydrogen atoms as they can.
Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy
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A molecule of carbon dioxide has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
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She thought she would add various chemical side chains to each of the six carbon atoms, producing dozens of new variants of purine.
The Emperor of All Maladies
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They key to the parent was the longest chain of carbon atoms.
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In diene synthesis the two chains attach themselves to four or two carbon atoms to form a ring, which thus contains six atoms; this number is particularly favourable to cyclization.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950 - Presentation Speech
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Because the activity of the carbon atoms decreases at a known rate, it should be possible, by measuring the remaining activity, to determine the time elapsed since death, if this occurred during the period between approximatively 500 and 30,000 years ago.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1960 - Presentation Speech
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Each of the carbon atoms is capable of holding on to four additional atoms.
The Beat Fatigue Workbook - how to identify the causes
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Carbon atoms are linked into hexagons, and the hexagonal pattern makes up the walls of a cylinder only nanometers wide.
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A molecule of carbon dioxide has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
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The only difference is that caprylic acid's main molecular chain is two carbon atoms longer than the main chain of caproic acid.
The God Delusion
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It is composed of pentagons and hexagons of carbon atoms arranged in a sphere, just like a football (or soccer ball for US readers).
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The reaction to attach them to carbon nanotubes involves a ring-closure between atoms in the ‘anchor’ and two carbon atoms of the nanotube.
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This enzyme hydrolyzes fatty acids from carbon atoms 1 or 3 of triacylglycerols.
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Because of the presence of two chiral carbon atoms in the dioxolane linker, the chemical synthesis route leads to two distinct diastereoisomers, in which the linkers are respectively SS and RR.
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To get to it, imagine removing two-thirds of the carbon atoms and then collapsing the metal lattice, albeit in a complex way.
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In diamonds, the carbon atoms are packed in a tetrahedral pattern which is extremely stable.
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The trigonal planar arrangement of the groups around the carbonyl carbon atom enables the carbon atom to be relatively open to attack from above, or below.
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In each of the 19 pathways for the generation of chiral amino acids, the stereochemistry at the α-carbon atom is established by a transamination reaction that involves pyridoxal phosphate.
Are Stereochemical Explanations Causally Sufficient?
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As the size of the alkyl group increases, i.e. as the number of carbon atoms increases, the water solubility decreases.
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In graphite the carbon atoms are arranged in flat hexagons layered on top of each other.
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Kuhn was particularly fascinated with pigments containing forty carbon atoms in their structural backbone, especially xanthophylls, because their carbon skeleton is related to one of the structural constituents of chlorophyll.
Richard Kuhn and the Chemical Institute: Double Bonds and Biological Mechanisms
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Notably, it is easily converted into a commodity chemical called butylene, which has four carbon atoms and is in relatively short supply right now.
NYT > Home Page
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Here, the molecule is drawn out with the longest chain of carbon atoms as the central part.
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It consists of a chain of carbon atoms, with one hydrogen atom attached to each carbon.
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The two substances differ from each other only in the geometric pattern with which the carbon atoms are packed.
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In diamonds, the carbon atoms are packed in a tetrahedral pattern which is extremely stable.
