How To Use Acetylcholine In A Sentence
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Noradrenaline decreased I_(K) distinctly. Isoprenaline and acetylcholine showed no effect on I_(K) in isolated rat hepatocytes.
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The basal ganglia of the brain are peculiarly rich in acetylcholine, the presence of which must presumably have some significance; and suggestive effects of eserine and of acetylcholine, injected into the ventricles of the brain, have been described.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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All nerve agents act by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
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-- A selective allosteric potentiator of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor increases activity of medial prefrontal cortical neurons and restores impairments in reversal learning.
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This neurotoxic action kills bugs by reducing the level of a certain enzyme (acetylcholinesterase) that clears an important neurotransmitter chemical (acetylcholine) out of the junction between nerve cells.
Dr. Walter Crinnion: Could Organic Produce Be the New Ritalin?
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Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor (neostigmine): indications: colonic pseudo-obstruction
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A man takes three sips of kalla, and he touches off the release of neurotransmitters, acetylcholine and tryptamine and serotonin.
THE BROKEN GOD
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Eat an apple or two: Apples stimulate production of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is what the Alzheimer's drug Aricept also does, say University of Massachusetts researchers.
Jean Carper: In Honor of World Alzheimer's Day, Take a Hike Today
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Sage oil inhibits an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase, whose normal job is to break down the chemical messenger acetylcholine.
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In the same paper I had speculated on the possible occurrence of acetylcholine in the animal body, and on its physiological significance if it should be found there; and had pointed out the extraordinary evanescence of its action, suggesting that an esterase probably contributed to its rapid removal from the blood.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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The action of a common neurotransmitter, such as acetylcholine, illustrates how ion channel receptors work.
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A man takes three sips of kalla, and he touches off the release of neurotransmitters, acetylcholine and tryptamine and serotonin.
THE BROKEN GOD
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This inhibition was observed in both the directly and indirectly stimulated contractions, and was not changed by addition of neostigmine, an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor.
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The release of acetylcholine stimulates three types of muscarinic receptors, M1 - M3, to produce bronchoconstriction and mucous secretion.
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Botulism toxin from bacteria prevents the release of acetylcholine and is the most poisonous substance known.
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The acetylcholine sweat spot test is an easy, inexpensive, time saving test for detecting autonomic neuropathy.
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Treatments for early, mild Alzheimer's disease, such as donepezil, improve the activity of neurons in the cholinergic system that use acetylcholine to transmit signals.
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Acetylcholine is released by neurons to provoke muscle contraction.
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As expected, the inward currents elicited by carbachol (1 mM, 30 s) persisted for a longer duration compared to the inward currents elicited by acetylcholine (1 mM, 30 s) in both males and females, as seen in the voltage clamp traces in
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But they slow mental deterioration by blocking the breakdown of the brain chemical acetylcholine.
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We have evidence, then, that both the reserve of acetylcholine, and the esterase required for its destruction, are in fact associated with the preganglionic nerve endings, as our hypothesis demands.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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The sex difference persisted when the nicotinic receptors were activated with carbachol, an analogue of acetylcholine that is not broken down by endogenous acetylcholinesterase.
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Sir Bernard Katz 'discoveries concerning the mechanism for the release of the transmitter acetylcholine from the nerve terminals at the nerve-muscle junction, under the influence of the nerve impulses, are fundamental not only for the understanding of the so-called cholinergic transmission, but are also of primary importance for our knowledge about the synaptic transmission between the nerve cells in the central nervous system.
Physiology or Medicine 1970 - Press Release
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Cholinesterase inhibitors, which reduce cholinesterase - the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine - are the only FDA-approved treatment for Alzheimer's.
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We collaborated with my good friend William Sleator of the Physiology Department in the study of changes in cellular action potentials (measured with intracellular microelectrodes) associated with the changes in contractility of the guinea pig atrium in response to epinephrine and acetylcholine, and a number of other inotropic agents.
Robert F. Furchgott - Autobiography
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Researches also show that Epimedium can inhibit an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase
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The accidental finding was that on the preparation of rabbit aorta being used in the experiment, the muscarinic agents acetylcholine and carbachol induced relaxation rather than the expected contraction.
Robert F. Furchgott - Autobiography
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Tim Foley Alzheimer's disease is often treated by a class of drugs called cholinesterase inhibitors, which help boost levels of a brain chemical called acetylcholine.
Drug Cocktail May Slow Alzheimer's
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The idea is the turn up the volume of neuronal signals that use acetylcholine as a transmitter molecule, by inhibiting the enzyme that would break it down and sweep it out of the synapse.
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(D-I) The diaphragms of wild-type (D-F) and meltrin β − / − (G-I) mice at E18. 5 were stained with an anti-synaptophysin antibody (D and G) to label axon terminals and with BTX (E and H) to label acetylcholine receptors (AChRs).
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An early favorite target was the vital enzyme acetylcholinesterase, required for hydrolysis of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions, and it has been exploited by agrochemical companies in a spectacular manner.
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Two kinds of motor nerves, excitatory nerves that release acetylcholine and inhibitory nerves that release nitric oxide, account for all events that occur in smooth muscle of the esophagus in a swallow.
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He identified acetylcholine as a constituent of certain ergot extracts, and an analysis of its action served as a basis for later researches, extending the application of Loewi's discoveries, which have been recognized in the joint award of the
Sir Henry Dale - Biography
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In that same year, W. B. Cannon found an accelerator substance released by the sympathetic nerves, and called it sympathin.5 It was later shown by U.S. von Euler to be a combination of epinephrine and a similar substance called norepinephrine.6 Cannon went on to characterize the function of the sympathetic (norepinephrine) and parasympathetic (acetylcholine) divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
Alcohol and The Addictive Brain
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Considering the manner in which acetylcholine must reach the motor end plates of the muscle fibres, if it were indeed the transmitter of motor nerve excitation - that it must appear with a flash-like suddenness, in high concentration, simultaneously at every nerve ending - we concluded that the ordinary method of injecting acerylcholine, so that it reached the muscle by slow diffusion from the general circulation, could not possibly reproduce this abrupt appearance at the points responsive to its action.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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The eserine has so depressed the action of the esterase at the nerve endings, that the acetylcholine liberated by a single nerve volley lingers there, and reexcites the muscle at each emergence from successive refractory periods, until the concentration falls at last below the stimulation threshold.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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We showed that the positive inotropic effects of norepinephrine and strophanthin-K were correlated with an increase in rate of exchange of calcium in an intracellular pool associated with the contractile process and that the negative inotropic effects of acetylcholine and adenosine were correlated with a decrease in rate of exchange in that pool.
Robert F. Furchgott - Autobiography
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All nerve agents act by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
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Choline chloride and phosphatidylcholine, which are orally bioavailable precursors of acetylcholine, have been reported to be useful in short-term studies.
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However, acetylcholine, the first neurotransmitter to be identified, was not isolated until the early 1920s.
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In the absence of acetylcholinesterase, levels of the transmitter acetylcholine increase.
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He thought for a minute and added, ‘So, if we improve cognition by increasing acetylcholine, it makes sense that anticholinergic drugs can make dementia a lot worse.’
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Amniotic fluid acetylcholinesterase is found in gastroschisis but not omphalocele.
CHOP abdominal wall defect publications
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Metoclopramide sensitizes tissues to acetylcholine to stimulate upper GI tract motility without stimulating gastric, biliary, or pancreatic secretions.
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We examined the effects of solutions containing miotic agents such as carbachol and/or acetylcholine on corneal endothelial pumping activity.
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THC has been found to prevent an enzyme called "acetylcholinesterase" from producing Alzheimer's plaques in the brain and is found to be effective in blocking protein clumps that inhibits memory and cognitive thinking in Alzheimer's patients.
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The most common neurotransmitter is called acetylcholine.
You Staying Young
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In the brain, it impersonates the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and binds with a subtype of acetylcholine receptor called the nicotinic receptor.
Globe and Mail
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Hornberg A, Tunemalm AK, Ekstrom F (2007) Crystal structures of acetylcholinesterase in complex with organophosphorus compounds suggest that the acyl pocket modulates the aging reaction by precluding the formation of the trigonal bipyramidal transition state.
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“Responses of a Molluscan Smooth Muscle to Acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine.”
MANUFACTURING DEPRESSION
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In patients with chronic hypoxemic lung disease, polycythemia has been shown to impair the vasodilator response to acetylcholine.
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Acetylcholine acts as a transmitter between motor nerves and the fibres of skeletal muscle at all neuromuscular junctions.
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Even when obtained in solution this potent enzyme destroys acetylcholine with a quite remarkable rapidity; and if we could suppose it to be concentrated on surfaces at preganglionic or motor nerve endings, in immediate relation to the site of liberation and action of acetylcholine, it might furnish an adequate mechanism for the complete destruction of this substance, even during the very brief interval of the refractory period.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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Positive or faint amniotic fluid acetylcholinesterase band with normal ultrasound.
Prenatal Diagnosis
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The application of this methodology to biological systems has allowed the generation of biologically active substances, in particular enzyme inhibitors (carbonic anhydrase, acetylcholine esterase).
Jean-Marie Lehn - Autobiography
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Depolarization of the presynaptic membrane causes release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft.
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Instead the acetylcholine accumulates and affects both voluntary an involuntary muscles.
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Vasodilators, such as acetylcholine and bradykinin, do not exert their effects upon the vascular smooth muscle cell in the absence of the overlying endothelium.
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Reduces the natural relaxation and anti-inflammatory calming, memory-enhancing neurotransmitter called acetylcholine.
The UltraMind Solution
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As mentioned in the discussion of pathophysiology, their beneficial effect is mainly due to the blocking of striatal acetylcholine receptors.
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Trichlorfon use is broadly based on its action as an inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase.
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In experiments with the new material it defended completely against Staph and E. Coli infections and within 24 hoursit restored 70% of acetylcholinesterase — a bodily enzyme that is attacked by nerve agents.
Combating Terrorism with an Environmentally Friendly Polymer | Inhabitat
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A neurotransmitter such as acetylcholine is responsible for allowing nerve impulses to jump across a gap between two nerve cells in the brain called synapse.
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Loewi named the substance released by the relevant nerve, called the vagus nerve, Vagusstoff; today it is known as the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
How the Mind Works: Revelations
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This difference has caused some people to prefer to speak of acetylcholine as a neurohumor, "humor" being an old-fashioned medical term for a biological fluid (from a Latin word for "moisture").
The Human Brain
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The acetylcholine binding site at atomic resolution has five aromatic amino acids.
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Janda said, "we found that thc was a very effective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. in addition to propidium, we also found that thc was considerably more effective than two of the approved drugs for alzheimer's disease treatment, donepezil (aricept ®) and tacrine (cognex
Aids-write.org
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The above results suggest that the inhibitory effect of centrally administrated HA on gastric acid secretion is mediated by vagi , acetylcholine M receptor and somatostatin.
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For all such effects of acetylcholine, directly analogous to those which Loewi discovered in relation to the heart vagus, were covered by what I had termed the "muscarine" action of acetylcholine, and were all very readily suppressed by atropine.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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Carbosulfan is extremely toxic to mammals and its toxicity is mediated through inhibition of acetylcholine esterase, a respiratory enzyme.
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In a sympathetic ganglion, the synaptic junctions, at which the acetylcholine is released by the incident preganglionic impulses, form a large part of the small amount of tissue perfused.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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We have direct evidence that only a small part of the acetylcholine so injected actually reaches the muscle end plates by diffusion from the vessels; and we argued that, in any case, it could not reach them simultaneously, but only in rapid succession; so that the response, in spite of its superficial resemblance to a rather slow twitch, must actually be
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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Drugs that block acetylcholine interfere with memory.
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There was also evidence that acetylcholine was a transmitter in the brain.
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When it has finished transmitting its messages, it is broken up by an enzyme, acetylcholinesterase.
Times, Sunday Times
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To date, we know of approximately 300 substances that act as neurotransmitters, including endorphins, neuropeptides, adrenaline, noradrenaline and acetylcholine.
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In someone with Alzheimer's, cholinesterase breaks down and destroys acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter chemical.
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Most modern synthetic organophosphorus compounds are tailor-made to inhibit acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme essential for life in humans and other animal species.
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Acetylcholine acts as a transmitter between motor nerves and the fibres of skeletal muscle at all neuromuscular junctions.
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To test whether different acetylcholinesterase activity accounts for the sex differences in nicotinic currents, we probed nicotinic currents using carbachol, a nicotinic receptor agonist that is not broken down by endogenous acetylcholinesterase.
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Little did I suspect then what I was able to show many years later - namely, that relaxation of arteries by acetylcholine is strictly endothelium-dependent, and that my method of preparing the strips inadvertently resulted in the mechanical removal of all the endothelial cells.
Robert F. Furchgott - Autobiography
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Notes to Editors: About AGI-004 and chemotherapy-induced diarrheoa (CID) AGI-004, a controlled release form of mecamylamine, is a potent, non-competitive specific antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR).
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Further support for the view that acetylcholine plays a part in the body under physiological conditions was obtained when Dale and Dudley were able to prepare from the body small quantities of this substance.
Physiology or Medicine 1936 - Presentation Speech
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By inhibiting cholinesterase, more acetylcholine is available for normal memory-related and cognitive functioning.
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Possible modulators of growth include acetylcholine, dopamine, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and glucagon.
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Viral infection can cause dysfunction of M2 muscarinic receptors (of parasympathetic nerves) leading to increased release of acetylcholine and airway hyperreactivity.
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As an anticholinesterase, Mev also elicits cardiac depression by a vagomimetic action on the heart via accumulation of acetylcholine.
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They showed, further, that the ganglion cells might be paralysed by nicotine or curarine, so that they would no longer respond to preganglionic stimulation or to the injection of acetylcholine, but that such treatment did not, in the least, diminish the output of acetylcholine caused by the arrival of preganglionic impulses at the synapses.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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Unlike the response of the denervated muscle to acetylcholine, this quick response of normal mammalian muscle is suppressed with great ease by curarine.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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In patients with chronic hypoxemic lung disease, polycythemia has been shown to impair the vasodilator response to acetylcholine.
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Specifically, nicotine acts at the nicotinic receptor class for the transmitter acetylcholine.
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The height of the dicrotic notch marking the start of this diastolic wave was decreased by acetylcholine or an NO donor, and further decreased by a phosphodiesterase type V inhibitor.
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The action of acetylcholine is terminated rapidly, in around 10 milliseconds; an enzyme breaks the transmitter down into choline and an acetate ion.
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Most work by blocking acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme vital for nerve function.
Times, Sunday Times
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A neuroactive insecticide fashioned after nicotine, neonictinoids poison nerves and prevent acetylcholine from enabling neurons to communicate with each other and with muscle tissue.
Dr. Reese Halter: Neonictinoids -- Destroying the Web of Life
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The toxin also inhibits release of acetylcholine in all parasympathetic and cholinergic postganglionic sympathetic neurones.
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All of them block the breakdown of a brain chemical called acetylcholine that is important in memory and other intellectual functions.
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Nicotinic receptors use a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine, too.
T.S. Wiley: Estrogen Dilemma: There Is No Dilemma When You Know the Details
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To date, we know of approximately 300 substances that act as neurotransmitters, including endorphins, neuropeptides, adrenaline, noradrenaline and acetylcholine.
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In both, males and females, the inward current persists longer after carbachol compared to acetylcholine, since the acetylcholinesterase in the brain slice metabolizes applied acetylcholine allowing the cell to return to baseline faster.
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Tsudzimura15, that the effects of splanchnic nerve stimulation are transmitted to the cells of the suprarenal medulla by the release of acetylcholine in that tissue.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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Once released, ACh must be removed rapidly in order to allow repolarization to take place; this step, hydrolysis, is carried out by the enzyme, acetylcholinesterase.
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Repeat exposure results in accumulation and increasing inhibition of the key enzyme acetylcholinesterase.
Times, Sunday Times
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Fortunately, nerves contain an enzyme called cholinesterase (koh'lin-es'tur-ays) which brings about the breakup of acetylcholine to acetic acid and choline once more.
The Human Brain
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So far, we have encountered only two patients who have HCM and vasospastic angina with total occlusion during the acetylcholine provocation test.
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We have evidence, then, that both the reserve of acetylcholine, and the esterase required for its destruction, are in fact associated with the preganglionic nerve endings, as our hypothesis demands.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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All nerve agents act by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
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These terms are used because nicotine mimics the action of acetylcholine at nicotinic receptors, whereas muscarine, an alkaloid from the mushroom Amanita muscaria, mimics the action of acetylcholine at the muscarinic receptors.
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We must suppose that this sudden rise in concentration of acetylcholine stimulates the ganglion cell to the discharge of a postganglionic impulse, or initiates a propagated wave of excitation along the muscle fibre.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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Conclusion Abnormalities of intracerebral neurotransmitters, acetylcholine, noradrenalin, 5-hydroxy tryptamine may participate in the pathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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Acetylcholine, injected into the vessels of a ganglion, could be shown to stimulate the ganglion cells to the discharge of postganglionic impulses.
Sir Henry Dale - Nobel Lecture
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Acetylcholine acts as a transmitter between motor nerves and the fibres of skeletal muscle at all neuromuscular junctions.
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I can tell you how an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase works but I can't tell you how to properly use present participles.
Reasoned School Reform
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Two of the isolated smooth muscle preparations that I unsuccessfully tested for bioassay of VEM and VDM were a helically-cut strip of rabbit aorta, which responded with contraction to epinephrine, and a longitudinal segment of rabbit duodenum, which exhibited spontaneous rhythmic contractions that were inhibited by epinephrine and stimulated by acetylcholine.
Robert F. Furchgott - Autobiography
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These differences were apparent with three agonists: acetylcholine, carbachol, and nicotine.
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The application of this methodology to biological systems has allowed the generation of biologically active substances, in particular enzyme inhibitors (carbonic anhydrase, acetylcholine esterase).
Jean-Marie Lehn - Autobiography
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In someone with Alzheimer's, cholinesterase breaks down and destroys acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter chemical.
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Both teas inhibited the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down the chemical messenger, or neurotransmitter, acetylcholine.
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The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel found in the neuromuscular junction of vertebrates and the electrocytes of electric fish.