Preposition before noun

“Of performance” or “in performance”?

In performance is a common expression about acting, behaviour, or operation during an activity. Of performance usually appears after another noun, such as evaluation of performance.

Quick answer

How these phrases differ

In performance refers to behaviour or quality while performing or operating. Of performance is not usually a fixed phrase by itself; it normally depends on another noun such as analysis of performance or review of performance.

The singer was confident in performance.
The manager gave an evaluation of performance during the review.
Small delays occurred in performance tests.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
in performance

During acting, operation, or execution

Use in performance to describe what happens while someone or something performs.

The device remained stable in performance trials.
She becomes more expressive in performance.
2
noun + of performance

Evaluating or describing performance

Of performance commonly follows nouns such as assessment, review, analysis, or measurement.

The report included an analysis of performance over six months.
We completed an evaluation of performance at the end of the year.
3
performance in + activity

Performance within a field or task

Use performance in to specify the area or activity where results are measured.

Her performance in mathematics improved.
The team's performance in the tournament was impressive.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
in performance
The actor appears relaxed in performance.
Describes behaviour or quality while performing.
of performance
The review of performance was detailed.
Usually depends on another noun such as review or analysis.
performance in
Performance in science has improved.
Shows the area or activity where performance occurs.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using “of performance” alone as a fixed phrase

This combination usually needs another noun before it.

✕ The company focused of performance. ✓ The company focused on improvement of performance.

Confusing “in performance” with “performance in”

In performance describes behaviour while performing. Performance in names the activity or field.

✕ Her in performance mathematics improved. ✓ Her performance in mathematics improved.

Missing the preposition after “performance”

Performance often needs in when naming a field or activity.

✕ performance the exam ✓ performance in the exam

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. The coach reviewed the players' ___ after the season.
2. She seems calmer ___ than during rehearsals.
3. Student ___ chemistry improved this year.

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Frequently asked questions

Is “in performance” natural English?

Yes. It is used for behaviour or quality during performance or operation.

Can “of performance” stand alone?

Usually no. It normally follows another noun, such as review of performance.

What is the difference between “in performance” and “performance in”?

In performance describes behaviour while performing, while performance in names a field or activity.

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