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Prepositions with nouns

How to use prepositions with panel

Panel commonly appears with by in expressions like by panel and with for when something is intended for a panel. Of panel is uncommon except in larger noun phrases.

Quick answer

Common uses

Use by panel for organisation or measurement one panel at a time. Use for panel when something is intended for a panel, such as a discussion panel. Of panel is not a common standalone combination.

by panel the data was reviewed
Questions for the panel were submitted early
The front panel of the device was damaged

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
by panel

Doing something one panel at a time

Use by panel to describe division or organisation according to panels.

The results were grouped by panel
2
for a panel

Intended audience or purpose

Use for with panel when something is prepared for a discussion or review group.

She wrote notes for the panel
3
panel of + noun

A group or section connected to something

Panel of is natural when panel is followed by another noun.

a panel of experts
4
on the panel

Membership in a group

Use on the panel for participation in a committee or discussion group.

He served on the panel last year

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
by panel
The images were sorted by panel.
organised one panel at a time
for the panel
We prepared slides for the panel.
intended for a panel group
of panel
The phrase of panel alone is uncommon.
usually replaced by panel of or another structure
panel of experts
A panel of experts reviewed the case.
a group made up of experts

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using of panel as a general phrase

English usually uses panel of before another noun or a different structure.

✕ of panel ✓ panel of judges

Confusing by panel with location

By panel means according to panels, not near a panel.

✕ We sat by panel. ✓ We analysed the forms by panel.

Missing an article before panel

Singular countable nouns usually need an article.

✕ for panel ✓ for the panel

Using in panel for membership

Use on the panel for committee membership.

✕ She is in the panel. ✓ She is on the panel.

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. The entries were organised ___ panel.
2. We prepared a summary ___ the panel.
3. A panel ___ scientists discussed climate policy.

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Frequently asked questions

Is of panel correct in English?

Not usually as a standalone phrase. English more often uses panel of plus another noun.

What does by panel mean?

It means organised, measured, or processed one panel at a time.

Do we say in the panel or on the panel?

On the panel is the standard expression for membership in a panel discussion or committee.

of, about, against, to or for racism? of, about, for, in or on friendship? of, about, for, on or to thing? of, about, for, to or with sex? of, about, on, to or for moon? "of access" or "with access"? "of accommodation" or "for accommodation"? "of accuracy" or "for accuracy"? "of action" or "in action"? "of actor", "with actor" or "by actor"? "of address" or "to address"? "of administration" or "in administration"?

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