Prepositions with nouns

Of agriculture or in agriculture?

In agriculture is the normal choice for work, study, or activity in the farming sector. Of agriculture usually appears after another noun, such as the history of agriculture.

Quick answer

Which form should you use?

Use in agriculture when talking about jobs, research, education, or activity connected with farming. Use of agriculture when agriculture is linked to another noun, such as the future of agriculture.

She works in agriculture.
New technology in agriculture is developing quickly.
The future of agriculture depends on water supplies.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
in agriculture

Talking about work or activity in the sector

Use in agriculture for employment, research, education, or activity connected with farming.

He has a career in agriculture.
Many students specialise in agriculture and food science.
2
innovation in agriculture

Describing developments in the field

Use in agriculture after nouns about change, technology, or progress within the sector.

There has been major innovation in agriculture recently.
3
future of agriculture

Linking agriculture to another noun

Use of agriculture when agriculture belongs to or defines another noun phrase.

Experts discussed the future of agriculture at the conference.
4
history of agriculture

Referring to a topic or subject area

Of agriculture commonly follows nouns such as history, development, or importance.

She is studying the history of agriculture in Asia.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
in agriculture
She works in agriculture.
Standard for jobs, activity, or study connected with farming.
of agriculture
The economics of agriculture is a complex subject.
Used after another noun to define a topic or relationship.
agriculture industry
The agriculture industry faces labour shortages.
Noun modifier use without a preposition.
agricultural sector
The agricultural sector is expanding.
An adjectival alternative commonly used in formal English.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using of agriculture for jobs

Use in agriculture when talking about working in the field.

✕ She works of agriculture. ✓ She works in agriculture.

Forgetting the main noun before of agriculture

Of agriculture usually depends on another noun.

✕ We discussed of agriculture. ✓ We discussed the future of agriculture.

Using in after a defining noun

After nouns like history or future, use of rather than in.

✕ the history in agriculture ✓ the history of agriculture

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. My uncle has worked ___ agriculture for thirty years.
2. Researchers are studying the future ___ agriculture.
3. Which phrase is most natural for technology within farming?

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Frequently asked questions

Can I say work of agriculture?

No. The normal expression is work in agriculture or work in the agricultural sector.

Why does of agriculture sometimes sound correct?

It is correct when agriculture follows another noun, such as future, history, or economics.

Is agricultural better than of agriculture?

In many formal contexts, the adjective agricultural is more concise, such as agricultural policy or agricultural research.

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