Prepositions before nouns

For improvement or of improvement?

For improvement is common when expressing purpose or opportunity. Of improvement is less common and usually appears after another noun such as signs or evidence.

Quick answer

Using prepositions with improvement

Use for improvement when something is intended to improve a situation: room for improvement. Use of improvement mostly in noun phrases such as signs of improvement.

There is still room for improvement in customer service.
We saw signs of improvement after the training.
The plan offers opportunities for improvement across departments.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
for improvement

Expressing potential or purpose

This pattern shows that improvement is needed or possible.

The review identified areas for improvement in the system.
There is plenty of scope for improvement this year.
2
of improvement

Describing evidence or degree of improvement

Use this pattern after nouns like signs, evidence, or rate.

Doctors noticed signs of improvement in the patient.
The speed of improvement surprised the team.
3
improvement in + noun

Naming what improved

Use improvement in to identify the area that became better.

improvement in productivity was significant.
improvement in pronunciation takes practice.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
for improvement
The report highlighted areas for improvement.
Shows need, opportunity, or purpose.
of improvement
There were signs of improvement.
Connects improvement with evidence, amount, or degree.
improvement in
We saw improvement in sales.
Names the area or field that improved.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using of improvement for purpose

Of improvement usually does not express purpose or opportunity.

✕ room of improvement ✓ room for improvement

Using for after signs

Signs normally takes of before improvement.

✕ signs for improvement ✓ signs of improvement

Confusing in and of

Improvement in names the area that improved.

✕ improvement of communication skills ✓ improvement in communication skills

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. There is room ___ improvement in the design.
2. We noticed signs ___ improvement after treatment.
3. The company reported improvement ___ efficiency.

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Frequently asked questions

What does room for improvement mean?

It means that something could be better than it is now.

Is of improvement incorrect?

No. It is correct in phrases such as signs of improvement or rate of improvement.

Can I say improvement of skills?

Improvement in skills is more natural in modern English.

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