Prepositions after verbs

Mislead by or mislead into?

Mislead is commonly followed by into when someone is persuaded to do something wrongly. By usually introduces the thing that caused the misunderstanding.

Quick answer

Which preposition goes with mislead?

Use mislead into + action when someone is wrongly persuaded to do something. Use misled by + cause to describe what created the false impression. Mislead by itself is uncommon as a direct verb pattern.

They were misled into signing the contract.
Voters were misled by the advertisement.
She was misled into believing the story.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
mislead into + action

Showing a wrong action or belief

Use into followed by a noun or -ing form when someone is persuaded in the wrong direction.

The scam misled customers into paying extra fees.
He was misled into thinking the meeting was cancelled.
2
be misled by + source

Naming the cause of the misunderstanding

Use by to identify the information, person, or event that caused confusion.

Many readers were misled by the headline.
I was misled by the unclear instructions.
3
mislead someone about + topic

Giving false information about something

Use about for the subject that was described inaccurately.

The company misled investors about its profits.
He misled me about the cost of repairs.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
mislead into
The ad misled people into buying useless products.
Standard pattern for causing someone to take a wrong action.
misled by
We were misled by incomplete data.
Standard passive pattern showing the source of confusion.
mislead by
The phrase is uncommon as a direct verb pattern.
English usually prefers mislead someone into something or someone is misled by something.
mislead about
They misled customers about delivery times.
Used for false information on a specific topic.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using mislead by for an action

Use into when the result is an action or belief.

✕ The email misled me by clicking the link. ✓ The email misled me into clicking the link.

Confusing active and passive forms

By is natural mainly after be misled.

✕ The article misled by false numbers. ✓ Readers were misled by false numbers.

Leaving out the object

Mislead usually needs a person or group being misled.

✓ The campaign misled many voters.

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. The website misled users ___ sharing personal data.
2. We were misled ___ the confusing map.
3. The company misled customers ___ its refund policy.

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Frequently asked questions

Is mislead into followed by a gerund?

Yes. Into is often followed by an -ing form, such as misled into believing or misled into paying.

Can I say mislead by in active sentences?

It is uncommon. English usually uses mislead someone into something or say someone was misled by something.

What is the difference between misled by and misled into?

Misled by names the cause of confusion, while misled into describes the resulting action or belief.

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