Preposition after verb

Forgive for, by, in, of or because?

Forgive someone for something is the standard pattern. The other prepositions usually do not form fixed combinations directly after forgive.

Quick answer

Which preposition follows forgive?

Use forgive someone for something or forgive something. Forgive by, forgive in, and forgive of are generally not standard combinations after the verb. Because usually introduces a clause rather than following forgive directly.

Please forgive me for the delay.
She forgave him for lying.
I hope they can forgive us for the mistake.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
forgive someone for + action

Say what is forgiven

Use for before the reason, action, or behaviour.

Can you forgive her for being late?
They forgave him for the error.
2
forgive + object

Forgive directly

Forgive can take a direct object without a preposition.

She could not forgive the betrayal.
He finally forgave his brother.
3
forgive because + clause

Reason clause after forgive

Because can introduce a reason clause, but it is not a fixed pattern after forgive.

She forgave him because he apologised sincerely.
They forgave the mistake because it was minor.
4
forgive in/by/of + expression

Separate expressions after the clause

In, by, and of usually have their own meanings outside the verb pattern.

She forgave him in private.
He was forgiven by his family.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
forgive for
Please forgive me for the confusion.
Standard pattern giving the reason for forgiveness.
forgive by
He was forgiven by his colleagues.
By marks the agent in a passive sentence.
forgive in
She forgave him in the end.
In the end is a time expression, not a fixed pattern.
forgive of
They forgave him for the damage.
Forgive of is not standard in current English.
forgive because
She forgave him because he admitted the truth.
Because introduces a reason clause.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using of after forgive

Use for to introduce the reason or action.

✕ I forgive you of your behaviour. ✓ I forgive you for your behaviour.

Using because with a noun phrase

Because is followed by a clause.

✕ She forgave him because the mistake. ✓ She forgave him because the mistake was minor.

Confusing active and passive patterns

By usually appears in passive sentences.

✕ They forgave by their parents. ✓ They were forgiven by their parents.

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. Can you forgive me ___ forgetting your birthday?
2. She forgave him ___ he apologised immediately.
3. Choose the correct sentence.

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Frequently asked questions

Can forgive be used without for?

Yes. You can forgive a person or forgive an action directly.

Is forgive of correct?

It is not standard in current everyday English. Use forgive for instead.

Why does by appear with forgive sometimes?

By commonly marks the agent in passive sentences, such as was forgiven by his family.

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