Prepositions after verbs

Employ by or employ in?

Employ is usually followed by an object directly. In passive sentences, English commonly uses employed by for the employer. Employ in is used for roles, activities, or fields.

Quick answer

Which form is correct?

Use employed by to name the employer in passive structures: She is employed by a bank. Use employ someone in for a role, department, activity, or field: They employ graduates in research jobs. Active employ by is not a standard pattern.

She is employed by a global firm.
The company employs engineers in product development.
Most staff are employed by the city council.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
employed by + employer

Naming the employer in passive sentences

Use employed by to say who gives someone work or holds their contract.

He is employed by a software company.
More than 200 people are employed by the hospital.
2
employ + person + in + role/field

Showing a role, department, or activity

Use employ someone in when referring to the area or type of work.

The lab employs researchers in cancer studies.
They employ many students in seasonal jobs.
3
employ + object

Using employ without a preposition

Employ often takes a direct object meaning hire or use.

The company employs over 500 workers.
The designer employed a simple colour scheme.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
employed by
She is employed by a publishing company.
Standard passive pattern naming the employer.
employ someone in
They employ technicians in quality control.
Standard pattern for roles, departments, or activities.
employ by
The firm employs staff by contract.
Here by introduces a method or arrangement, not the employer. Employ by someone is not standard active usage.
employ in
The software is employed in medical research.
Standard when employ means use in a particular activity or field.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using employ by in active voice for an employer

English normally uses the passive form employed by when naming the employer.

✕ The bank employs by a local agency 50 workers. ✓ The bank employs 50 workers. / Fifty workers are employed by a local agency.

Forgetting the object after employ

Employ usually needs a person, thing, or method as its object.

✕ The company employs in marketing. ✓ The company employs people in marketing.

Confusing hire and use meanings

Employ can mean hire people or use something for a purpose.

✕ They employed in a new strategy. ✓ They employed a new strategy in the campaign.

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. She is ___ a large law firm.
2. The company employs graduates ___ finance roles.
3. The tool is employed ___ data analysis.

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Frequently asked questions

Is employ by ever correct?

In modern English, employ by is not a normal active verb pattern for employers. The common form is employed by in passive sentences.

Can employ in refer to places?

Yes. It can refer to departments, industries, activities, or fields, such as employ workers in tourism.

Does employ always mean hire?

No. It can also mean use, as in employ a method or employ technology in research.

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