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Prepositions after verbs

Codify in or codify into?

Codify usually takes into when something is turned into a formal system or law. In often introduces the place or document where the rules appear.

Quick answer

Which preposition is correct with codify?

Use codify into to describe changing ideas or practices into a formal system, code, or law. Codify in is uncommon as a fixed combination; in normally introduces the document or place where something is written.

The customs were codified into national law.
The procedures are codified in the employee handbook.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
codify into + system/law

Turning something into a formal code

Use into when informal rules, practices, or ideas become an organised system or legal code.

The agency codified the guidelines into federal regulations.
The community codified its traditions into written rules.
2
codify in + document

Showing where something is formally written

Here in introduces the document, agreement, or text containing the rules.

The standards are codified in the contract.
The rights were codified in the constitution.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
codify into
The committee codified the recommendations into policy.
change something into a formal code or system
codify in
The procedures are codified in company manuals.
state where the rules are written
codify as
The practice was codified as official policy.
name or define something in a formal way

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using in instead of into for transformation

Use into when something becomes a formal code.

✕ They codified the customs in law. ✓ They codified the customs into law.

Treating in as a fixed partner of codify

In usually introduces the document or location, not the result of codification.

✓ The rules are codified in the handbook.

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. The parliament codified the agreement ___ national law.
2. The safety procedures are codified ___ the manual.
3. The customs were codified ___ official policy.

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Frequently asked questions

Is codify into the most common pattern?

Yes. Into is the usual choice when rules or ideas become formal laws, systems, or policies.

Can I say codified in law?

Yes. In law means the rules appear within the legal system or legal texts.

Is codify to correct?

Codify to is uncommon in this meaning. Into is normally used for transformation.

calculate, by, calculate, in, calculate, from "call for" or "call on"? "campaign for" or "campaign against"? cancel by, due, at, in or for? capitulate to, in, like, by or after? captivate by, for, with, from or in? "capture by" or "capture in"? "care about" or "care for"? carry with, by, in, to or into? carve into, out, in, on or with? cast in, into, for, by or on? "catch in", "catch by" or "catch on"?

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