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Prepositions after adjectives

Robust in or robust to?

Robust to is common when something can resist change, damage, or variation. Robust in is used for strength or quality within a particular area.

Quick answer

How do you use robust with prepositions?

Use robust to for resistance or stability against something. Use robust in when talking about strength in a particular aspect, field, or feature.

The software is robust to network failures.
The economy remains robust in key sectors.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
robust to + change/problem

Showing resistance or stability

Use robust to when something continues to work well despite difficulty, variation, or pressure.

The design is robust to temperature changes.
This system is robust to cyberattacks.
2
robust in + area

Describing strength in a field or aspect

Use robust in when identifying the area where strength or effectiveness appears.

The company is robust in international markets.
The report is robust in its analysis.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
robust to
The model is robust to small errors.
able to resist or handle something
robust in
The country is robust in manufacturing.
strong in a particular area
robust against
The material is robust against moisture.
alternative form meaning resistant to
strong in
She is strong in mathematics.
common alternative for skill or performance

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using robust to before a field or subject

Use robust in for areas of strength.

✕ The company is robust to finance. ✓ The company is robust in finance.

Using robust in for resistance

Use robust to when discussing protection or stability against something.

✕ The network is robust in attacks. ✓ The network is robust to attacks.

Leaving out the object after robust to

Robust to normally needs the thing being resisted.

✕ The system is robust to. ✓ The system is robust to disruption.

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. The platform is ___ sudden traffic spikes.
2. The business is ___ digital services.
3. This method is ___ measurement errors.

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Frequently asked questions

Is robust to common in technical English?

Yes. Robust to is very common in scientific, technical, and business contexts.

Can I use robust in with abstract nouns?

Yes. You can say robust in design, robust in analysis, or robust in performance.

Is robust against also correct?

Yes. Robust against is a standard alternative, especially for protection from damage or attack.

racist-in-against-for-to, towards "radical in" or "radical for"? rampant in, among, with, on or throughout? "rare in" or "rare for"? "rational for" or "rational in"? "raw in", "raw for" or "raw with"? reachable by, from, on, in or through? "reactive to", "reactive rather" or "reactive in"? ready for, to, in, at or by? "realistic about" or "realistic in"? "real to", "real for" or "real in"? rearing of, as or on?

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