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Prepositions after adjectives

immune to vs. immune from

Both patterns are correct. Immune to focuses on resistance against something. Immune from focuses on freedom from harm, effects, or obligations.

Quick answer

Main difference

Use immune to for resistance to disease, criticism, or influence. Use immune from for freedom from danger, taxes, or legal action.

Some people are immune to the virus.
Diplomats are immune from prosecution in some cases.
She seems immune to pressure.

Choose the pattern by meaning

These forms are not interchangeable. Choose the construction by meaning, not by which preposition appears most often.

1
immune to + disease/effect

Resistance

The most common pattern in medical and figurative use.

Children are not immune to online risks.
2
immune from + harm/obligation

Freedom from something

Emphasises protection from consequences.

No company is immune from economic downturns.

See the difference in context

The same subject can take different constructions because each sentence answers a different question.

Construction
Example
Meaning
immune to
He is immune to criticism.
Not affected by something.
immune from
The charity is immune from certain taxes.
Protected or exempt from something.
immune against
The vaccine makes people immune against infection.
Less common but possible in medical contexts.

Common mistakes

Some combinations appear in real text but do not mean what learners often assume.

Using immune from for emotional resistance

To is usually more natural with feelings and influence.

✕ immune from criticism ✓ immune to criticism

Using immune to for legal exemption

From is often preferred for freedom from penalties or duties.

✓ immune from prosecution

Quick practice

Choose the expression that matches the intended meaning.

1. She is immune ___ mosquito bites.
2. The organisation is immune ___ local taxes.
3. Which sentence sounds more natural?

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Frequently asked questions

Are immune to and immune from interchangeable?

Sometimes, but the focus differs slightly: resistance versus freedom from consequences.

Which is more common in medicine?

Immune to is especially common for diseases and infections.

Can I say immune against?

Yes, especially in medical contexts, though immune to is more common.

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